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| People with shared cultural heritages that others regard as distinct. |
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| The systematic ranking of categories of people on a scale of social worth, which affects how valued resources are distributed in a society. |
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| The social group that controls power and the resources that derive from this power. Population numbers do not equate to this power. |
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| Individual discrimination |
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| Occurs when one person treats another unfairly, and that treatment is based on the person's social status. |
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| A policy or program that seeks to redress past discrimination by increasing opportunities for underrepresented groups. |
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| How society creates and transforms racial categories over time. |
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| Incorporating aspects of the dominant culture while retaining aspects of a group's ethnic origin. |
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| Uunequal treatment that is upheld by laws. |
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| Refers to a "who's had it worse" competition for attention, resources, and ideational supremacy between aggrieved groups or people. |
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| A shared heritage defined by common characteristics such as language, religion, cultural practices and nationality that differentiate it from other groups. |
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| The belief that one's culture is superior and that other ethnic groups or nations are inferior. All other cultures and societies are judged according to the standards of the society or culture that one belongs to. |
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| A set of beliefs used to justify the unfair treatment of a racial group and its members. |
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| People who leave their home countries and establish citizenship in new countries. |
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| A subordinate group whose members have significantly less power, access and use of important resources in society than members of a majority group. |
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| The physical separation of individuals or groups from each other. |
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| Institutional discrimination |
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| Results from society operating in ways that allow certain groups to receive better treatment and opportunities than other groups. |
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| Cultural superiority ascribed to people who have "white" skin. |
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| Happens when various cultures combine to create a new culture. |
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| Occurs when a person from a minority cultural group adopts the cultural characteristics of the dominant group while discarding his or her own ethnic traits. |
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| Understood as a group of people defined by physical characteristics such as skin color that differentiate members from other groups on that basis. |
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| The singling out of a group or individual for unmerited blame. |
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| The belief that the ideas that influence and govern social organizations are human inventions. |
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| An attitude about a person or a group that is not based on social reality. |
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| Allowed restaurants and business owners to legally deny services to members of minority groups. |
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| Differential treatment of people based on superficial characteristics such as skin color or accent. |
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| Pre-defined, rigid mental images about how a person or group should act or think, held to be true regardless of whether there is evidence or data disproving these images. They may be positive or negative. |
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| The ability to access the opportunities and resources held by a society. |
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Definition
| A socially subordinate group that is culturally distinct. |
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Definition
| s the use of an individual's race or ethnicity as a key factor in deciding whether to engage in enforcement. |
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