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Socio chapter 6
midterm 2
15
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
10/23/2012

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Term
Deviant Behavior
Definition
Behavior that is nonconformity to a given set of norms that are accepted by a majority of people in a society.
Term
Causes of Deviant acts
Definition
1. Deviant subculture- Subculture whose members hold values differ substantially from those of the majority.
2. Psychopaths- A specific personality type: such as individuals lack the moral sense for others.
3. Anomie- Social norms lose their hold over individual behavior
4.Differential association- Criminal behavior is learned through association with others that do crime.
5. control theory- Imbalance between impulses toward criminal activity and controls the deter it.
Term
Deviance
Definition
Nonconformity to a given set of norms that are accepted by the majority.
Ex= nudity and bizarre clothing.
Term
Positive sanctions
Definition
it means social controls are successful; a desired behavior occurred and thus rewarded.
Term
negative sanctions
Definition
that may be mild to severe and physical or psychological, depending on the circumstances.
Term
Differential association theory
Definition
Criminal behavior is learned through association with others who regularly engage in crime.
Developed by Edwin H. SutherLand
Term
Labeling theory
Definition
People become deviant because certain labels are attached to their behavior by political authorities and others
Term
Merton's typology
Definition
1.Innovation
2.Conformists
3.Ritualism
4.Retreatism
5.Rebellion
Term
Innovation
Definition
response due to the strain generated by our culture's emphasis on wealth and the lack of opportunities to get rich, which causes people to be "innovators" by engaging in stealing and selling drugs
Term
Conformists
Definition
accept society's goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving them
Term
Ritualism
Definition
reject society's goals, but accept society's institutionalised means.
Term
Retreatism
Definition
-reject the society's goals and the legitimate means to achieve them
- true deviants
Term
Rebellion
Definition
reject society's goals and legitimate means to achieve them, and instead creates new goals and means to replace those of society, creating not only new goals to achieve but also new ways to achieve these goals that other rebels will find acceptable
Term
Conflict theory
Definition
Deviance is delibaretly chosen and often political in nature
-inequalities of capitalist society
Term
White collar crime
Definition
-Criminal activities carried out by those in white-collar, or professional jobs
-40x more money is taken than in other crimes
- affects more people
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