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Definition
| Time period following the Civil War in which the south rejoined the Union. Characterized by bitter feeling, and gains/losses for African Americans. |
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| (Voting Restriction) Tax required before a person can vote. |
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| (Voting Restriction) A test to see if a person can read and write before they are aloud to vote. |
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| (Voting Restriction) Law the excused a voter from a literacy test if his father or grandfather was eligible to vote on 1-1-1867 (freedmen couldn't vote until 1869) |
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| Person who rents a plot of land from a land owner and farms it for an exchange for a share of the crop. |
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| Change the Constitution that banned slavery. |
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| Change in the Constitution that made freedmen citizens (gave them equal protection under the law). |
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| Change in the Constitution that gave freedMEN the right to vote. |
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Definition
| Laws that separate people of different races in a public place in the south. |
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| 1862- Law that promised 160 acres of free land if the farmer would farm the land for 5 years and pay a small fee, pushed Native Americans off of their land. |
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| Transcontinental Railroad |
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Definition
| The Union Pacific and the Central Pacific rxrs joined to make a railroad that stretched from coast to coast. |
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| Mass Production/ Assembly Line |
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Definition
| Production method pioneered by Henry Ford in which products can produce large number of items for a lower price. |
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Definition
| A market where there is only 1 provider of a good or service. Business that controlled entire industries and elimination competition which hurt small businesses. (John D Rockefeller [oil], Henry Carnegie [steel], and Cornelius Vanderbilt [railroads], and JP Morgan [banking]) |
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| Type of business/organization owned by many people but treated by law as though it were one person. |
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| Organization of workers who seek better pay and working conditions. |
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| A law that banned monopolies; not enforced at first. |
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| The development of industry on a large scale, factories grow in size and big businesses grow in power. |
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Definition
| Work stoppage by employees as a protest against an employer. |
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| Movement to make improvements on American life (end of Civil War to start WW1). |
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| The fight to ban alcohol. |
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| Investigate reporters who exposed corruption. Journalists, photographers, and authors who exposed corruption in government and business; demanded social reform. (Jacob Riis, Thomas Nast, Upton Sinclair, and Ida Tabell) |
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| Building for humans habitations especially one that is rental, usually small dirty and crowded. |
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| Someone who fights for the environment. |
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| 1906 Law the lead to the federal inspection of food and medicine to make sure they were safe; ended false advertising. |
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Definition
| Government official who investigates and combats alliances formed to control competition and prices. |
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| Election in which political parties choose its candidates. |
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Definition
| President Monroe's foreign policy statement that warned European Nations to stay out of Latin America. |
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Definition
| Policy of staying out of world affairs. |
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| Seward's Folly/ Seward's Ice Box/ William Seward |
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Definition
| Secretary of State who bought Alaska from Russia. (Purchase of Alaska) |
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Definition
US policy in1899 that opened up all the spheres of influence in China to all nations to trade, the Chinese were angry because they had no say.
Equal trade with China between US and European nations. |
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Definition
| Constructed during Teddy Roosevelt's presidency, body of water running through Panama that connects the Atlantic and Pacific; dramatically cut down on travel time for shipping. Example of Big Stick Policy. |
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Definition
| Agreement between nations to protect one another. |
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Definition
| A first account; for example a diary form a WW2 soldier. |
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Definition
| President Wilson's goals for peace after WW2. |
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Term
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare |
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Definition
| Used by Germany in WW1, German U-boats attacked any allied ship. |
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Term
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Definition
| Treaty signed in 1919 that ended WW1, placed the blame on Germany and their allies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rebirth of African American culture (literature, theater, art, etc). Advances for African Americans in the arts, music, and writing. |
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Definition
| Young women in the 1920's who rebelled against traditional ways of thinking and acting. |
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Definition
| Group of shacks in which the homeless lived during the great depression. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radio speeches given by FDR while in office. |
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Term
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Definition
| FDR's plan to end the great depression its 3 parts were relief recovery and reform. |
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Term
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Definition
| FDR's attempt to increase the number of Supreme Court Justices form 9 to 15 so that his New Deal programs wouldn't be declared unconstitutional.(DID NO WORK!) |
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Term
| Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) |
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Definition
| An ABC organization set up by FDR that hired young men to work on environmental projects like building bridges and planting trees. |
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Term
| Works Progress Administration |
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Definition
| New Deal program that employed millions of unskilled workers to carry out public projects, including the construction of buildings and roads and operated large acts drama media literacy projects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Practice of giving into aggression to avoid conflict. |
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Term
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Definition
| Government system led by dictator rooted in extreme nationalism and willingness to use brute force to expand. |
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Term
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Definition
| WW2 Alliances of Germany, Italy, and Japan. |
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Term
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Definition
| Laws that allowed the Us to sell arms and equipment to Britain. |
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Term
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Definition
| The trials of Nazi's after WW2 for was crimes, almost all related to the Holocaust, proves that individuals can be held accountable for wartime actions. |
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Definition
| After WW2 long period of intense rivalry between US (democracy, capitalism, free market economy)and the Soviet Union(Communist). US and Soviet Union soldiers never meet in battle. |
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Definition
| American plan to help European nations rebuild their economies after WW2. Money from the US to rebuild the war-torn western Europe. |
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Term
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Definition
| American and British relief to airlift supplies to west Berliners from 1948-1949; democratic response to the Berlin Blockade. US provides supplies to West Berlin while Soviet Union Blockades all roads and railroads in and out. |
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Term
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Definition
| (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Alliance formed by the US and Western European Nations to fight the Soviet aggression. Nations including the US ban together to oppose communism. |
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Term
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Definition
| (816) War between Communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea over whether South Korea would stay democratic or become communist. UN fought communist North Korean forces. War ended as a draw. Korea remains split at the 38th parallel-- Containment achieved. |
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Definition
| Long and unpopular war in which the US tried to stop the spread of communism from North Vietnam to the Democratic (but weak) South Vietnam. Guerilla warfare, a large number of vocal Americans opposed the Vietnam war, containment not achieved. |
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Definition
| Major cold war confrontation in 1962; Soviets used Cuba as a "base" to point missiles at the US. Closest the US ever comes to nuclear war. |
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Term
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Definition
| Peaceful protest; used by MLK Jr. during the civil rights movement. |
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Term
| Brown VS The Board of Education |
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Definition
| Supreme Court case that desegregated schools. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scandal involving President Nixon; his supporters bugged the head Quarters of Democrats in an attempt to listen in on their campaign plans; when it was discovered he resigned to avoid impeachment. (He is the only President to resign from office.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Very contested election between Al Gore and George W Bush Jr. Gore won popular vote but Bush won electoral vote, recounts of votes were done. |
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Term
| Reconstruction as a turning point (Reconstruction) |
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Definition
| During reconstruction, Americans had to rebuild the South and reunite with the Union. Congress refused to recognize Southern state government and imposed military rule. Southern state government deprived African Americans of their won rights and introduced segregation. |
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Term
| Economy- Sharecropping (Reconstruction) |
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Definition
| Cycle of poverty for freedmen. |
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Term
| Former Confederates regained power and regained power and terrorized the African Americans in the following ways: |
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Definition
| Ku Klux Klan, blackcodes (any law limiting rights of freedmen), voting restrictions- poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clause, and Jim Crow Laws (separate but "equal" laws) |
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Term
| Supreme Court upheld segregation in the case of____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Reservation (Frontier West) |
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Definition
| Native Americans in the west were pushed off their land to make room for farmers and miners and put on land aside by the government for them. |
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Term
| Impact on Buffalo (Frontier West) |
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Definition
| Buffalo population sharply declined due to senseless hunting by settler. **Negative impact on Native American culture** |
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Term
| Urbanization (Industrialization) |
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Definition
| Population shift from farms to cities. More factory work less farming. |
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Term
| Ellis Island (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Processing center for European immigrants. |
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Term
| Quota System (Immigration) |
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Definition
| limited the amount of immigrants allowed into the US. |
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Term
| "Old" (early) Immigrants (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Britain, France, Ireland- North Western Europe. |
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Term
| "New" Immigrants (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Italy and Eastern Europe- faced lots of discrimination because culture was different. |
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Term
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Definition
| People who did not want immigrants allowed into the country based on economic fears, and prejudice. |
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Term
| City Settlement Patterns (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Tenements housed the poor in the inner cities while the rich settled in the outskirts of the city away from crime and pollution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Early 1900's- reform movement; most reformers were middle class. |
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Term
| Political Bosses (Progressive Era) |
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Definition
| Powerful, often corrupt politicians who made the unfair promises to get votes and control city politics. |
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Term
| Voting Reforms (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Primary, referendum, recall and initiative gave voters more power. |
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Term
| 19th Amendment (Immigration) |
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Definition
| 1919- Gave women the right to vote. |
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Term
| Sherman Anti-Trust Act (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Out lawed the formation of monopolies/ trusts. |
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Term
| Labor Unions (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Formed by workers who fought for better conditions, higher wages and shorter hours. -went on strike for better conditions but were not always successful. -Sometimes were violent and unions got a bad name. |
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Term
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Definition
| Policy of powerful countries seeking to Control the political and economical affairs of weaker countries or regions. |
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Term
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Definition
| China, Cuba, Philippines, Latin America, Japan. |
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Term
| Spanish-American War (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Over control of Cuba; Yellow Journalism- "Remember the Maine" |
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Term
| Big Stick Policy (Immigration) |
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Definition
| Roosevelt's method of diplomacy with Latin America- do what I ask, or else... "white mans burden" (our duty to civilize other nations) |
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Term
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Definition
| Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism (MAIN) and the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand. |
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Term
| Isolationism/ Neutrality (WW1) |
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Definition
| US unsuccessfully tried to avoid joining the war. |
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Term
| America Joins the War (WW1) |
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Definition
| Unrestricted submarine warfare (Lusitania) and Zimmerman Telegram. |
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Term
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Definition
| Treaty of Versailles- Germany got the shaft. Wilson's 14 points, included the League of Nations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Was rejected by the US Senate because they feared foreign entanglement. |
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Term
| Related Terms: (Roaring 1920's) |
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Definition
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Term
| "Return to Normalcy" (Roaring 1920's) |
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Definition
| President Harding's campaign slogan in response to the end of WW1; isolationist foreign policy. |
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Term
| Prohibition (Roaring 1920's) |
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Definition
| Amendment banning the selling and consumption of alcohol. Inspired by the Anti-Saloon league and other temperance groups. |
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Term
| Trouble on the Farm (Roaring 1920's) |
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Definition
| Farmers could not repay loans taken after overproduction in WW1. |
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Term
| Causes: (Great Depression) |
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Definition
| Overuse of credit, overproduction by farmers, and buy stocks on margin. |
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Term
| Results of causes: (Great Depression) |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoovervilles (Great Depression) |
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Definition
| Group of shacks in which the homeless lived. Many blamed President Hoover for the depression and were upset at his lack of response. |
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Term
| **New Deal (Great Depression) |
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Definition
| FDR's program to solve depression. CCC, WPA, AAA, FDIC (banking), and Social Security (pension for retired people) are still in use today; 3 R's relief, recovery, reform. |
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Term
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Definition
| US tries to avoid war- illeagal to trade with warring nations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lend Lease, Cash & Carry. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| December 7, 1941- "...a day that will live in infamy" (FDR). Relocation/internment of Japanese-Americans. |
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Term
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Definition
| Great Britain, France, USA, China. |
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Term
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Definition
| War Production Board, Rosie the Riveter, rationing, liberty bonds, victory gardens, recycling/drives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hitler attempted to kill off all European Jews. Surviving Nazis faced war crime trials at the Nuremburg Trials. Many were found guilty and hung. Demonstrates accountability for inhumane actions in war. |
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Term
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Definition
| Produced by the American scientist in the "Manhattan Project." Truman decided to use the bomb instead of a land invasion in Japan, which would cost hundreds of thousands of American lives. Bombs dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leaders are held accountable for wartime actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Containment- Stopping the spread of communism from the Soviet Union to there nations. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Communists Fears (Cold War) |
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Definition
| McCarthyism- Accuses many of being communist, most people say he went to far. |
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Term
| Arms Race and Space Race (Cold War) |
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Definition
| Competition with Soviet Union for weapons and space tech. |
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Term
| Fall of Soviet Union and Communism (Cold War) |
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Definition
| Late 1980's. Military spending bankrupts USSR. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1950s and 1960s- Blacks renew fight for equality. |
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Term
| People/Groups (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| MLK- Believed in civil disobedience, Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, JFK, Lyndon Johnson, Little Rock 9, Freedom Riders, NAACP. |
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Term
| Malcolm X (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| Violent version of MLK no white people follow him apart of black panther. |
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Term
| Freedom Riders (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| Group of white students who went south to let black people vote. |
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Term
| Supreme Court Cases (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| Brown VS Board of Education negates Plessy VS Ferguson and starts process of integration into schools. |
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Term
| Legislation (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| Civil Rights Act 1964 and Voting Rights Act allow blacks to vote in South by removing literacy tests and other barriers. |
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Term
| Affirmative Action (Civil Rights Movement) |
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Definition
| 1990s civil rights for any minority set number percent's of minorities in college and businesses. Designed to increase the amount of minority groups in areas where they have experienced discrimination in the past. Example- Colleges and businesses. |
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Term
| Nixon (Modern Presidents) |
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Definition
| Watergate scandal leads to his resignation; media watches politicians more closely from now on. Only President to resign. |
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Term
| Reagan (Modern Presidents) |
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Definition
| Led conservative movement to reduce size and power of federal government. |
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Term
| Bush Senior (Modern Presidents) |
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Definition
| Persian Gulf War 1991 (Operation Desert War)- when Iraq invades Kuwait, US and UN allies protect oil interests in the middle east by pushing Iraq out of Kuwait through their attacks. |
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Term
| Clinton (Modern Presidents) |
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Definition
| 2nd president to be impeached (after Andrew Johnson) for lying under oath about extramarital relationship. |
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Term
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Definition
| Election 2000: him VS Gore. Gore wins popular vote, loses election. Supreme Court declared Bush the winner a month after election day. |
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Term
| Obama (Modern Presidents) |
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Definition
| 1st African American President. |
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Term
| Time period of: Reconstruction |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Frontier West |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Industrialization |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Immigration |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Progressive Era |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Imperialism |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WW1 ends, Treaty of Versailles is signed. |
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Term
| Time period of: Roaring 1920's |
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Great Depression |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WW2 starts, invasion of poland |
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Term
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Definition
| WW2 ends, atomic bombs dropped on Japan. |
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Term
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Definition
| US joins because of Pearl Harbor. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Time period of: Civil Rights Movement |
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Definition
| 1950s and 60s again in 90s a little. |
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Term
| The Marshall Plan provided economic aid after WW2 in order to... |
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Definition
| Raise the standard of living in Asia and Africa. |
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Term
| What term describes the stockpiling of nuclear weapons by the superpowers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What best describes the Cold War in Asia? |
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Definition
| Newly independent nations avoided involvement in the superpowers struggles. |
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Term
| What was the immediate result of the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor? |
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Definition
| The US declared war on Japan. |
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Term
| The Nuremburg Trials conducted after WW2 judged individuals charged with... |
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Definition
| Extermination of Jews and other groups in Europe. |
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Term
| What did not help change American life in the 1920s? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Although it was prosperous on the surface, there were underlying problems of debt. |
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Term
| Participants in the Harlem Renaissance encouraged African Americans to... |
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Definition
| Take pride in their culture. |
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Term
| The Sacco and Vanzetti case, the Red Scare, and the activities of the KKK al represented... |
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Definition
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Term
| The rebirth of the KKK was due in large part to the increased number of immigrants entering the US. Members were anti-immigrant, making them... |
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Definition
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Term
| Victory gardens, liberty bonds, and rationing food were examples of... |
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Definition
| How civilians prepared for war on the homefront. |
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Term
| How did the Allies react to Woodrow Wilson's peace plan? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was a program of economic aid for Europe. |
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Definition
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Term
| The tension the emerged after WW2 led to a conflict the dominated US foreign policy for how long? |
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Definition
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