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Newton’s Laws of Motion 1st law |
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| Every object continues in a state of rest, or in a state of motion in a straight line at a constant speed, unless force exerts onto the object. |
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Newton’s Laws of Motion 2nd law |
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| The acceleration produced by a net force on a object is directly proportioned to the net force, is in the same direction of the net force, and is inversely proportioned to the mass of the object. |
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Newton's 3rd law of motion |
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| whenever one object exerts force onto another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force onto the first object |
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| The distance traveled per unit of time. |
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| The rate at which velocity changes with time; the change in velocity may be in magnitude, or direction, or both. (Speed up; slow down) |
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| The speed of an object along with specification of its direction of motion. |
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| The property of things that resist change in motion |
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Six machines that make work easier -
- Lever-bar that rests on a support called a fulcrum which lifts or moves loads
- Inclined Plane-slanting surface connecting a lower level to a higher level.
- Wheel-A wheel with a rod, called an axle, through its center lifts or moves loads
- Screw-inclined plane wrapped around a pole which holds things together or lifts materials
- Pulley-Wheel and rope to life or lower objects.
- Wedge-one slanting side ending in a sharp edge, which cuts material apart
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| The advantage created by a machine that enables people to do work while using less force |
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| For what phenomenon are Newton’s laws inaccurate? |
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| Atoms, speed of light, or strong gravitational forces. |
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| Why is Newton’s first law of motion a restatement of Galileo’s concept of inertia? |
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Definition
- Newton’s1st law-Every object continues in a state of rest, or in a state of motion in a straight line at a constant speed, unless force exerts onto the object.
- Galileo discovered that force is needed to make an object move, but force is not needed to keep the object going when friction isn’t present.
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| Galileo’s concept of inertia |
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| Discovered that light objects do not necessary fall slower than heavy objects. Discovered that force is needed to make an object move, but force is not needed to keep the object going when friction isn’t present. |
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| Explained motion by classification-natural motion and violent motion.Natural motion is described as an up or down motion caused by earth, water, air, or fire. Violent motion is describes as motion caused be a force. |
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| The thermal energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature to a substance of lower temperature, commonly measured in calories or joules. |
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