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Social Science & History Part 4
Study Test for CLEP
65
History
Not Applicable
01/15/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The Uruguay Round, which eventually led to a new international agreement in 1994, dealt with what major global issue?
Definition
Reduction of tariff and nontariff barriers.
Term
Which region of the world has suffered the greatest food storage problem during the last decade?
Definition
Sub-Saharan Africa
Term

The S.P.C.A. is an internationally renowned organization whose primary function is the welfare of animals. What does S.P.C.A. stand for?

 

A) Society for the Propagation of Charity to Animals    B) Society for the Promotion of Charitable Acts           C) Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals      D) Society for the Promotion of Cicilizing Animals        E) Society for the Prevention of Criminal Acts

Definition
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Term
The architecture shown in the structure picture above is characteristic of which one of these East European countries?[image]
Definition
Russia
Term
Portugues is a language of Latin origin spoken in very few countries of the world, with the exception of Portugal and its former colonies, like the Cape Verde Islands, Angola, and Mozambique. However, there is one South American country in which it is a language in everyday use. Which one of the following is it?
Definition
Brazil
Term
[image]The sketch shown above of the hall church is characteristic of a well-known school of architecture. Which one of the following is it?
Definition
Gothic
Term

In international trade, the concept that each nation should specialize in producing those exports that it is most qualified to do so from a cost-efficient basis is known as the:

 

A) Malthusian Law B) Law of Comparitive Advantage    C) Free Trade Ideal, or Liberal Trading Order D) Law of Supply and Demand (Global Level) E) Law of Voluntary Export Restraints

Definition
Law of Comparative Advantage
Term
In Roman mythology, what was the name given to the aboriginal spirit of the doorway developed by the Latin people into a double-headed deity who also gave his name to a month of the year?
Definition
Janus
Term
The Leaning Tower of Pisa, as its name indicates, is a structure that is permanently tilted and is one of the major tourist attractions of Europe. Where is the Leaning Tower located?
Definition
Italy
Term
Singapore, once an intergral part of the Federation of Malaysia, is now an independent city-state located in:
Definition
Southeast Asia
Term
Of the following, the only country that has not changed its name is:
Definition
Morocco
Term
This nation possesses the strongest industrial base and the largest population of the Arab world. Important leaders of this nation include Sadat and Mubarak. This nation is identified as:
Definition
Egypt
Term
Australia is an island continent bordering on the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and has an estimated population of 13.6 million people. It's capital is:
Definition
Canberra
Term
Alaska and Hawaii, the last two states to join the Union, were admitted in:
Definition
1959
Term
A secret study commisioned by the Pentagon to analyze U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War and made public in 1971 by the New York Times was called:
Definition
Pentagon Papers
Term
Cooperation among legislators to ensure the passage of laws, particularly those beneficial to their constituencies, is called:
Definition
Logrolling
Term
The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1971, guarantees:
Definition
Voting rights to 18-year olds
Term
The "Alliance for Progress," the Peace Corps, and the "New Frontier" are all associated with the administration of which American president:
Definition
John F. Kennedy
Term
Executive power is vested in the hands of the:
Definition
President
Term
All legislative powers are vested in the hands of:
Definition
Congress
Term
The first African American to be appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court was:
Definition
Thurgood Marshall
Term

The practice that prevents congressional committees from interrogating executive officials without the express consent of the president is called:

 

A) Executive privilege B) Executive order C) Executive agreement D) Executive authority E) Extraterritoriality

Definition
Executive Privilege
Term
In the 1992 presidential election, the third-party candidate who recieved 19 million popular votes was:
Definition
H. Ross Perot
Term
Progressive or insurgent members of a political group or institution seeking a voice or control are:
Definition
Young Turks
Term
Resistance to state authority-particularly military service on the grounds of moral or reliqious views-is known as:
Definition
Conscientious Objection
Term
The term "Sunset Law" refers to a law that:
Definition
Mandates the termination of a bureaucracy or agency that is no longer needed.
Term
The surrender by a state of a person accused or convicted of a crime to the state in which the offence was committed is called:
Definition
Extradition
Term

The type of political system whereby political power is divided or shared between a central government and the states or other local units is termed:

 

A)unitary B) a confederation C) federal D) a commonwealth E) socialist

Definition
A Commonwealth
Term
A court order commanding an inferior court, an executive, or an administrative official to perform his or her duty is called:
Definition
A Writ of Mandamus
Term

No one can be compelled to be a witness agaisnt himself or herself according to the U.S Constitution. The more popular statement-"I refuse to answer on the grounds that my answer my tend to incriminate me"-is drawn directly from which constitutional amendment? 

 

A) 1st B) 5th C) 8th D)14th E) 19th

Definition
Fifth
Term
The only federal court that uses a jury trial to try defendants is the:
Definition
U.S District Court
Term
The nation's highest court of law is the:
Definition
Supreme Court
Term
In 1993, the gun-control Brady Bill was passed by Congress. One key element of the new law was:
Definition
A waiting period before handguns could be purchased.
Term

The famous 1973 Supreme Court decision of Roe v. Wade dealt with what issue?

 

A) Segregation in the public schools B) A woman's right to an abortion C) Unreasonable searches and seizures D) Prayer in the public schools E) The consitutionality of the death penalty

Definition
A women's right to an abortion
Term
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 passed legislation that allowed lawsuits for those individuals who were victims of discrimination in:
Definition
The workplace
Term

The Communist Control Act of 1954:

 

A) prevented communists from running for the presidency

B) barred communists from leaving the continental United States

C) banned communist party from the U.S. political system

D) made it a crime for any American to join the communist party

E) exempted the Communist Party from the rights accorded to others legally constituted bodies or political parties

Definition
Exempted the Communist party from the rights accorded to other legaly constituted bodies or political parties.
Term
As final interpreter of the Constitution, the institution that has the power to invalidate presidential actions or congressional statues that it regards as unconstitutional is the:
Definition
Supreme Court
Term
The thirty-eighth president is considered unique in American history becasue he was neither an elected president nor a vice president but, rather, was appointed vice president under a new constitutional amendment. He was:
Definition
Gerald R. Ford
Term
In August 1990, the forces of this nation crossed the border into Kuwait, eventually forcing the United States and it's allies into the 1991 Gulf War. The aggressor nation was:
Definition
Iraq
Term

The Monroe Doctrine, enunciated by President James Monroe (1758-1831) , was primarily the work of his Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, and contained elemts contributed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Which one of the following can be best described as coming to the Monroe Doctrine?

 

A) The Western Hemishpere was no longer open for European colonization, and the United States would regard any European overture as a threat

B) The United States had the right to intervene in any country threatened by communism

CThe colonization of Latin America was the exclusive preserve of the United States

D) U.S. exports were to be banned from communist countries

E) If one country in Asia fell into the hands of communists, all the other would necessarily follow suit

Definition
The Western Hemishpere was no longer open for European colonization, and the United States would regard any European overture as a threat.
Term
The World Bank's primary function today is to promote economic development for:
Definition
The less developed nations
Term
A Methodist is a member of a Protestant-Christian denomination (the United Methodist Church) with theology developed in England in the early eighteenth century and characterized by an emphasis on the doctrines of free grace and individual responsibility. The man generally credited as the founder of Methodism is:
Definition
John Wesley
Term
Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) was the American humanitarian whose novel was a factor in bringing about the Civil War. The title of this novel is:
Definition
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Term
On the Origin of Species, published in 1859, set forth the idea of the natural selection of living things. The celebrated author was:
Definition
Charles Darwin
Term
Kemal Ataturk introduced sweeping reforms to westernize the modern republic that he founded. This republic is:
Definition
Turkey
Term

The American army general who pledged that he would return to the Philippines after abandoning those islands to the invading Japanese in December 1941 was:

 

A) Dwight D. Eisenhower

B) George S. Patton

C) Omar Bradley

D) Mark Clark

E) Douglas MacArthur

Definition
Douglas MacArthur
Term
In 1945, this nation lay in ruins. Divided by the victors after the war, it would not be politically unified again untill 1990. This nation is:
Definition
Czechoslovakia
Term
The eating of beef is taboo among the followers of one of the world's best-known religions, which considers the cow a sacred animal. This religion is:
Definition
Hinduism
Term
The United Nations is a world body made up of entirely independent states in pursuit of peace and the betterment of mankind. The United Nations headquarters is located in:
Definition
New York City
Term

According the Karl Marx, one of the founders of communism, working-class control over society is called:

 

A) survival of the fittest

B) dictatorship of the proletariat

C) from each according to his means, and to each according to his needs

D) the liberation of mankind

E) the greatest happiness of the greatest number

Definition
Dictatorship of the proletariat
Term
All of the following are spoken languages of Asia EXCEPT:
Definition
Xhosa in Nepal
Term
Avicenna (980-1037), physician and philosopher, wrote the Canon of Medicine, themost famous textbook of medicine until the seventeenth century. What nationality was he?
Definition
Persian
Term
The ancient concept connoting the usurpation of legitimate political authority by a single individual is:
Definition
Despotism
Term
In 1950, Joseph McCarthy (1909-1957), U.S. senator from Wisconsin, set off a raging controversy with an accusation that visibly jolted political life in the United States. The main thrust of his accusation was that:
Definition
The State Department was infiltrated by communists.
Term
On December 7,1941, there was a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, which subsequently forced Congress to declare war. Which group was resposible for the attack?
Definition
Japanese
Term
Which of the following statements is factually INCORRECT?
Definition
The British unit of currency is called the English dollar
Term
A well-known seventeenth-century English philosopher, regarded during his time as the prophet of reason, expounded the thesis that every human's mind is at birth a blank page on which experience makes its impressions, which are gradually formed into general ideas. Who was this philosopher?
Definition
John Locke
Term
What do the following people have in common: Baruch Spinoza, Arthur Schopenhauer, Socrates, Seneca, and Blaise Pascal?
Definition
They were philosophers
Term
The General Assembly is the name given to the main policy-making body of a well-known international organization that represents practically all independent states. Which of the following is it?
Definition
United Nations
Term
Dialectical materialism is a philosophy signifying that everything in this world is material and that change takes place through the conflict of opposites. Which of the following is nearest to the philosophy?
Definition
Communism
Term
The most populous nation on Earth is:
Definition
China
Term
In politics, one who espouses or exemplifies ideas fundamentally at variance with a given social, political, or economic order is a:
Definition
Radical
Term
Article 1, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution promotes the progress of science and arts by securing authors and inventors the exlusive right to their wrtings and discoveries. This protection is called:
Definition
Copyright
Term
The theory developed by Einstein based on the hypothesis that velocity is the same as measured by any one of a set of observers moving with constat relative velocity is the:
Definition
Theory of Relativity
Term

Richard M. Nixon resigned from office in 1974 before being impeached by the House of Representatives. The only American president actually to be impeached by the House and then to stand trial in the U.S. Senate was:

 

A) Harry S. Turman

B) James K. Polk

C) Ulysses S. Grant

D) Woodrow Wilson

E) Andrew Johnson

Definition
Andrew Johnson
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