Term
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Definition
| A small structure found in the medial temporal lobe of the brain's limbic system that is involved in automatic processing and emotion |
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Term
| Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic |
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Definition
| A heuristic in which we use a number as a starting point on which to anchor our judgment |
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Term
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Definition
| The processing of information "on the fly" using schemas as shortcuts |
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Term
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Definition
| A rule used to estimate the likelihood of a given occurence based on how easily one can recall an example ofthat occurence |
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Term
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Definition
| An erroneous conclusion reached when the representativeness heuristic is used to draw a conclusion without considering the base rate |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of mental processing that takes purposeful thought and effort as decisions or courses of action are weighed carefully |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to imagine alternative outcomes for an event |
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Term
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Definition
| A rule that guides decision making based on the framework in which a situation or item is presented |
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Term
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Definition
| Simple rules that reduce mental effort and allow us to make decisions or judgments quickly |
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Term
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Definition
| The perception of uncontrollable events as being controllable |
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Term
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Definition
| The area of the brain thought to be crucial to emotional processing and memory |
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Term
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Definition
| The fact that we are more likely to remember positive information when in a positive mood, and negative information when in a negative mood |
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Term
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Definition
| The fact that the mood that we are in when we learn information may serve as a retrieval cue when we try to remember that information |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for people to be more sensitive to and more likely to notice and remember negative information, which then influences the evaluation of people and situations |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that bad things will happen to other people and that an individual is more likely to experience good things in life |
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Term
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Definition
| A state of having more confidence in one's judgment or control over a situation than is really justified |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for a schema to remain intact, even when it comes up against discrediting information |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the brain that plays a role in higher-order thinking, including judgment, decision making, and evaluation |
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Term
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Definition
| To activate a schema through a stimulus |
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Term
| Representativeness Heuristic |
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Definition
| A rule used to estimate the likelihood of an event based on how well it fits with your expectations of a model for that event |
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Term
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Definition
| An automatically created cognitive framework that helps guide the way we think about and understand the society around us |
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Term
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Definition
| Paying more attention to sensory information that fits a given schema, at the same time filtering out information that is inconsistent |
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Term
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Definition
| A prediction that causes itself to come true |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of schema in which we apply generalized information to an individual based on the group to which he or she belongs |
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