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Social Psychology Terms
From Glencoe's Understanding Psychology
18
Psychology
11th Grade
02/11/2009

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Term
Social psychology
Definition
a broad field of psychology that seeks to explain how our thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and behaviors are influenced by interactions with others
Term
Social cognition
Definition
a subfield of social psychology that focuses on cognitive processes and how we perceive, store, and retrieve information about social interactions
Term
Physical proximity
Definition
the distance of one person to another person
Term
Stimulation value
Definition
the ability of a person or participant to interest or expose another to new ideas and experiences
Term
Utility value
Definition
the ability of a person or participant to help another achieve his or her goals
Term
Ego-support value
Definition
the ability of a person to provide another person with sympathy, encouragement, and approval
Term
Complementarity
Definition
the attraction that often develops between opposite types of people because of the ability of one to supply what the other lacks
Term
Anxiety
Definition
an unpleasant psychological state characterized by a vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger
Term
Primacy effect
Definition
the tendency to form opinions about others based on first impressions
Term
Schemas
Definition
the knowledge or assumptions we develop about a person or event
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
the belief that one's own culture is superior
Term
Just-world phenomenon
Definition
blaming a victim so we can continue to think the world is basically just
Term
Stereotype
Definition
a set of assumptions about people in a given category, often based on lies or half-truths
Term
Attribution theory
Definition
how we interpret the cause of other people's behavior
Term
Fundamental attribution error
Definition
we underestimate the impact of situational factors and overestimate the impact of personal factors when looking at how others act
Term
Actor-observer bias
Definition
we think others' actions are a result of their personality, but attribute our own behavior to the environment
Term
Self-serving bias
Definition
the tendency to view one's successes as stemming from internal factors and one's failures as stemming from external factors
Term
Nonverbal communication
Definition
conveying messages using space, body language, and facial expression
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