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Social Psychology - Chapter 9: Attraction
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19
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/29/2011

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Term
need for affiliation
Definition
the desire to establish and maintain many rewarding interpresonal relationships
Term
loneliness
Definition
a feeling of deprivation about existing social relations
Term
mere exposure effect
Definition
(Zajonc) the phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus
Term
what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype
Definition
the belief that physically attractive individuals also possess desirable personality traits
Term
matching hypothesis
Definition
the proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar in physical attractiveness
Term
reciprocity
Definition
a mutual exchange between what we give and receive (ex. liking those who like us)
Term
hard-to-get effect
Definition
the tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choices over those who are more readily available
Term
intimate relationship
Definition
a close relationship between two adults involving emotional attachment, fulfillment of psychological needs, or interdependence
Term
social exchange theory
Definition
a perspective that views people as motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs in their relationships with others
Term
equity theory
Definition
the theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners
Term
exchange relationship
Definition
a relationship in which the participants expect and desire strict reciprocity in their interactions
Term
communal relationship
Definition
a relationship in which the participants expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each other's needs
Term
attachment style
Definition
the way a person typically interacts with significant others; secure and insecure
Term
triangular theory of love
Definition
(Sternberg) a theory proposing that love has three basic components - intimacy, passion and commitment - which can be combined to make eight subtypes
Term
passionate love
Definition
romantic love characterized by high arousal, intense attraction, and fear of rejection
Term
compassionate love
Definition
a secure, trusting, stable partnership
Term
excitation transfer
Definition
the process whereby arousal caused by one stimulus is added to arousal from a second stimulus and the combined arousal is attributed to the second stimulus (Zillmann)
Term
self-disclosure
Definition
revelations about the self that a person makes to others
Term
sexual orientation
Definition
one's sexual preference for members of the opposite, same, or both sexes
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