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| behavior intended to harm another, either physically or psychologically, and motivated by feelings of anger and hostility |
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| behavior intended to harm another in the service of motives other than pure hostility (to get attention or get politically advanced) |
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| passive and depressed responses that individuals show when their goals are blocked and they feel that they have no control over their outcomes |
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| A culture that is defined by its member's strong concerns about their own and others' reputations, leading to sensitivity to slights and insults and a willingness to use violence to avenge any perceived wrong or insult |
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| cultures in which rape tends to be used as an act of war against enemy women, as a ritual act, and as a threat against women so that they will remain subservient to men |
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| the evolutionary tendency to look out for ourselves, our offspring, and out close relatives together with their offspring, so that our genes will survive and be passed on in future generations |
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| the tendency to attribute nonhuman characteristics to groups other than one's own--for example, by referring to them as rats, dogs, pigs |
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| The tendency to attach less value to an offer in a negotiation once the opposing group makes it |
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