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| A suq is a marketplace, it consists of many streets covered with small or large shops, most common in middle-eastern territories. |
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| Bedouins were Arabian desert nomads who live in tightly knit tents. |
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| A crusade is a "holy war." Crusades are only against Muslims because Palestine was controlled by Muslims, and the crusades were caused by Christians. |
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| Saladin was a Muslim ruler in the late 1100's. He united Muslims and Egypt, surrounded the Crusader kingdom, and forced foreigners to retreat. |
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| Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570, and when he was about 40 years old he started to preach to people. Muhammad brought the idea that there was only one god. He died in 522. |
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| Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims, who are able to, are supposed to make at least once in their lifetime. |
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| Kaaba is in the center of Mecca. It is a rock where Muslims worship. |
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| Mecca is the central of the Muslim world. It is located in Saudi Arabia. It is the location of the Kaaba. |
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| Zionism is a nationalist Jewish political movement that, in its broadest sense, calls for the self-determination of the Jewish people and a sovereign, Jewish national homeland. |
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| Zionism is a nationalist Jewish political movement that, in its broadest sense, calls for the self-determination of the Jewish people and a sovereign, Jewish national homeland. |
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| He was the Hungarian man who made up the term Zionism. |
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| The 1917 letter that made public the British support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine led the League of Nations to entrust the United Kingdom with the Palestine Mandate in 1922. |
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| The Israeli West Bank barrier is a security barrier being constructed by the State of Israel. |
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| lies on the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt on the southwest and Israel on the south, east and north. |
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| The six day war was a war between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. |
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| The Palestine Liberation Organization is undoubtedly one of the best known terrorist organizations in the world |
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| AYATOLLAH ROUHOLLAH KHOMEINI |
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| Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran. |
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| Gamel Abdel Nasser was the second President of Egypt from 1954 until his death. He led the bloodless coup which toppled the monarchy of King Farouk and heralded a new period of modernization and socialist reform in Egypt together with a profound advancement of pan-Arab nationalism. |
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| Anwar Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalists on 6 October 1981. |
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| The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. |
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| The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is a cartel of twelve countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. |
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| Saddam Hussein was dictator of Iraq from 1979 until 2003, when his regime was overthrown by a United States-led invasion. |
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| Kalahari Desert is a large arid to semi-arid sandy area in Southern Africa extending 900000 square kilometers. |
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| The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition between the Sahara desert in the North and the Sudanian savannas in the south. |
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Sleeping sickness is infection with organisms carried by certain
flies. It results in swelling of the brain. Gambienseinfections lead
to drowsiness during the day, but insomnia at night. |
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| Is a city in Tombouctou Region, in the West African nation of Mali. |
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| Mali is a landlocked country in Western Africa. |
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| Subsistence agriculture is self-sufficiency farming in which farmers grow only enough food to feed their families. |
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| Polygamy is the belief in having more than one wife or husband. |
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| THE ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY |
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| International organization founded as the Organization of African Unity to promote cooperation among the independent nations of Africa. |
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| Nelson Mandela spent 27 years as a political prisoner in South Africa before becoming the country's first black president. |
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| Apartheid was a system of legal racial segregation enforced by the National Party government in South Africa. |
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| Desmond Tutu ss a South African cleric and activist who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid. |
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