Term
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Definition
| the study of human society and of relationships between individuals and society |
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Term
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Definition
| Any recognized transgression of socially established or cultural norms; does not conform to cultural norms |
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Definition
the violation of laws enacted by society
-must be state sanctioned punishments |
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| Three foundations to the study of deviance in society |
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Definition
1. deviance varies according to cultural norms
2. people become deviant as others define them that way
3. how societies set norms and how they define rule breaking both involve social power |
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deviant behavior is necessary and not abnormal
(Durkheim) |
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Term
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Definition
| social bonds; how well others relate to each other and get along on a day-to-day basis |
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| Mechanical/Segmental Solidarity |
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Definition
| cohesion based on sameness |
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Term
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Definition
| Cohesion based on difference and interdependence of the parts |
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Term
| Four functions of deviance |
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Definition
1.affirms cultural values and norms
2.responding to deviance clarifies moral boundaries
3.responding to deviance brings people together
4.deviance encourages social change |
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Term
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Definition
premodern vs. modern society
mechanical vs. organic solidarity |
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Term
| Premodern Society/ Mechanical Solidarity |
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Definition
punishment punitive: offender made to suffer often in an act of collective vengeance
(ex. death penalty) |
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Term
| Modern Society/ Organic Solidarity |
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Definition
| Social sanctions focus on individual and rehab: tailored to circumstances; restitutive |
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Term
| Suicide strongly influenced by... |
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Definition
| Social factors (Durkheim 1897) |
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Term
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Definition
| White, aging, single, Christian male (Durkheim) |
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Term
| Conclusion of Durkheims suicide findings... |
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Definition
| suicide rates vary because of differences in the degree of social solidarity (share beliefs and interactions) |
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Term
| The higher the level of Social Solidarity... |
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Definition
| the more firmly anchored to the social world and the less likely to commit suicide if adversity strikes |
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Term
| Two social factors of Suicide... |
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Definition
| Social integration and social regulation |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree which a person in integrated into a group or community (more than one level of interaction) |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of rules guiding your daily life and what you can reasonable expect from the world on a day-to-day basis |
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Term
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Definition
| low solidarity (low integration) (feeling alone) |
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Term
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Definition
| too much integration (suicide bombing) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| too much regulation (slaves and prisoners) |
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Term
| Motivational theory of deviance |
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Definition
| identify the social factors that drive people to commit deviant and criminal acts |
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Term
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Definition
| functionalism (motivational) |
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Term
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Definition
| Strain theory (motivational) |
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Term
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Definition
| Subcultural Theory (motivational) |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning Theory (motivational) |
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Term
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Definition
| identify the social factors that impose deviance and crime on people |
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Term
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Definition
| Labeling Theory (constraint) |
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Term
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Definition
Control theory (constraint)
I must control my desire to eat Herschi. |
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Term
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Definition
| conflict theory of deviance and crime |
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Term
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Definition
Merton (motivational)
-holds that people may turn to deviance when they experience social strain
-occurs when a society does not give all of its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals
-goals and strategies for getting there |
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Term
| Conformist response to strain |
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Definition
| individuals who accept both the goals and the strategies to achieve them that society considers socially acceptable |
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Term
| Ritualist response to strain |
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Definition
| individuals who reject socially defined goals in order to live within their own strategies |
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Term
| innovator response to strain |
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Definition
| individuals who accept socially accepted goals but reject socially acceptable strategies |
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Term
| retreatist response to strain |
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Definition
| reject both goals and strategies by isolating themselves from society |
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Term
| Rebels response to strain |
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Definition
| reject strategies and goals but want to alter or destroy the social institutions from which they are alientated |
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Term
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Definition
-the ability to see the connection between personal troubles and social structures
Wright Mills
-society lives in you |
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Term
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Definition
| stable patterns of social relations |
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Term
| microstructures (level of social structure) |
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Definition
| patterns of intimate social relations formed during face-to-face interactions |
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Term
| macrostuctures (level of social structure) |
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Definition
| patterns of social relations that lie outside and above your circle of intimates and acquaintances |
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Term
| patriarchy (macrostructure) (level of social structure) |
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Definition
| the traditional system of economic and political inequality between women and men in most societies |
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Term
| global structures (level of social structure) |
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Definition
| patterns of social relations that lie outside and above the national level |
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