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Social Change
Finals Review
44
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/07/2008

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Cards

Term
Psychophobia Drugs
Definition
Drug companies are major forces in Material Culture
--> emotional control
Term
Computers
Definition
EDR (event data recorder)
Term
1930s & 2000
Definition
1930s: Human Behavior (complex)
2000: Hypocrisy (labeled through actions)
Term
Social Change
Definition
Any significant shift in (non)material culture of a society over time
Term
Theological Explanation
Definition
Fate is in the hands of God
Term
Biological Explanation
Definition
Human genetic endowment is responsible
Term
Graphic Determinism
Definition
Social change is determined by society's response to challenges
--> cyclical: suggested
Term
Race
Definition
Based on physical characteristics
Term
Ethnicity
Definition
Based on cultural heritage
Term
Social Evolution Theory
Definition
Societies were becoming more complex
Term
Conflict Theory
(Material Determinsim)
Definition
Social change is a product of class conflict
Term
Functional Theory
Definition
Change occurred through contact with other cultures
Term
Primary Diffusion
Definition
Change that occur indirectly
Term
Secondary Diffusion
Definition
Direct transfer of material culture
Term
Stimulus Diffusion
Definition
Transfer of ideas from one society to another
Term
Culture Lag
Definition
Time it takes for a society to adapt to a change in its material culture
Term
Dysfunction
Definition
Stress and tension are structural features of society
Term
Anomie
Definition
State of normlessness
--> produce change in behavior
Term
Sources of Social Change
Definition
Nonmaterial Culture (Culture Determinism)
Technology and Industrialization
Population Growth Pattern
Term
Collective Behavior
Definition
People are faced with unstructured situations, reacting in emotional ways
Term
Crowds (temp gathering of ppl)
Definition
1. Casual: Persons viewing a single event
2. Conventionalized (watching football): Individuals pursuing a mutual goal through regularized behavior
3. Active: Direct action toward individuals and/or objects
4. Expressive (choirs): Assemble for purposes of self- stimulation
Term
Publics
Definition
Large group of ppl who define themselves by their position on some issue
Term
Public Opinion
Definition
Collective voice or decision of a public with regard
Term
Craze & Fashion
Definition
Bizarre, short-lived behavior

Current style or custom
Term
Social Movements
Definition
Efforts made by large groups of ppl to resist social change
Term
Resource Nobilization Theory
Definition
Methods to communicate the movement's goal
1. Required assistance in money & personnel
2. Provision to teach how to commit
3. Recruitment was accomplished
Term
Phases
Definition
1. Incipient: Movement is disorganized
2. Organizational: Leadership for change is defined
3. Stable: Inspirational leaders are replaced
Term
Oriented Movements
Definition
1. Power (Assassination): Coercive force to meet objectives
2. Persuasion: Legal means --> Propaganda
3. Participation: Providing help with problems
Term
Circular Reaction
Definition
Excitement is relayed throughout the crowd
Term
Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
Definition
People resort to aggression to release tension
Term
Convergence Theory
Definition
Collective behavior can rise out of powerlessness
Term
Emergent Norm Theory
Definition
Individuals interact, develop norms to cope with situation
Term
Value Added Theory (Automobiile)
Definition
Process of making a product
Term
Absolute Deprivation (food, job, etc)
Definition
Lack of the basic necessities of life
Term
Relative Deprivation
Definition
Life that is unsatisfactory relative to others'
Term
Rumors (Unverified info)
Definition
1. Leveled: Short/concise as passed on
2. Sharpened: Presented as the limited # of details
3. Assimilated: Interpreted by one's stereotypes
4. Compounded: New rumors about the same event
Term
Rumors (Unverified info)
Definition
1. Leveled: Short/concise as passed on
2. Sharpened: Presented as the limited # of details
3. Assimilated: Interpreted by one's stereotypes
Term
Relative Deprivation
Definition
Life that is unsatisfactory relative to others'
Term
Absolute Deprivation (food, job, etc)
Definition
Lack of the basic necessities of life
Term
Value Added Theory (Automobiile)
Definition
Process of making a product
Term
Resource Nobilization Theory
Definition
Methods to communicate the movement's goal
1. Required assistance in money & personnel
2. Provision to teach how to commit
3. Recruitment was accomplished
Term
Social Movements
Definition
Efforts made by large groups of ppl to resist social change
Term
Stimulus Diffusion
Definition
Transfer of ideas from one society to another
Term
Sources of Social Change
Definition
Nonmaterial Culture (Culture Determinism)
Technology and Industrialization
Population Growth Pattern
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