Term
| In occupations that require the display of positive or pleasant emotions, Arlie Hochschild suggests that individuals often resort to _______, or altering their physiological states with deep breathing, alcohol or drugs, exercise, and the like. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term that refers to the concept of the sum total of an individual’s emotional knowledge and skills is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Mirowsky and Ross, women are _______ likely than/to men to experience psychological distress. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Mirowsky and Ross, the medical model that discusses anger, ignores _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The social emotion that occurs when we imagine ourselves in the place of another is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| like guilt, but focused more on yourself as a person |
|
|
Term
| The social emotion that occurs when we have a strong attraction for another and concern for their well-being is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Guilt and shame are not synonymous. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The functions of jealousy may include: |
|
Definition
drawing oneself back into a social interaction
signaling a claim on the object in question
a and b |
|
|
Term
| Mary has four children to feed and cannot get a job or welfare. She decided to begin working as a prostitute. This is an example of which response to anomie? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jack uses speed only when he is studying for exams. This behavior bothers his wife, but she realizes that it is caused by situational factors. Her response to the rule breaking is called normalization. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pat's main goal for the past 10 years has been to become a veterinarian. Because she has to work her way through college, she doesn't have time to study, so she begins cheating. Which theory best explains Pat's behavior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Labeling theorists refer to behavior that violates norms as deviant behavior. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The view that a person who strives to attain a legitimate goal but is denied access to legitimate means will experience a state that reduces commitment to norms and the pursuit of goals refers to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of a movement organization? |
|
Definition
| National Organization for Women |
|
|
Term
| While job hunting, Jan believes that she has been discriminated against. She joins the National Organization for Women and gives up her free time on weekends to work for the organization. Her willingness to voluntarily work for NOW is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A group of persons with defined roles who engage in sustained activity to promote or resist social change is called (a) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As people began to gather outside the city hall for the political speech, police officers directed individuals in the crowd to leave before the speaker arrived. This is an example of a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The theory that states that collective behavior occurs when people find themselves in an unanticipated situation is called emergent norm theory. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
“People occupations” attract what type of worker?
middle-class females
lower-class males
middle-class males
lower-class females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
According to Thoits, people who hold ________ may experience inappropriate feelings due to conflicting emotional expectations attached to those roles.
single roles
multiple roles
work roles
emotional roles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
According to Mirowsky and Ross, women are _______ likely than/to men to experience psychological distress.
more
less
equally as
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two major forms of distress discussed by Mirowsky and Ross in the Chin and Jacobson Chapter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Karen's boss yelled at her in a meeting with five other employees. Karen felt like exploding, but with a great deal of effort she managed not to yell back at her boss. This is an example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Erica feels anxious all day although she cannot pinpoint why. This is a(n)
affect 0%
emotion
sentiment
mood
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the cognitive labeling theory |
|
Definition
| we actively construct our emotions |
|
|
Term
| One of the functions of labeling is to unify the group or society. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The view that arrest and punishment of some individuals for violations of the law deters other persons from committing the same violations refers to the deterrence hypothesis. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the reaction to deviance is to de-emphasize its significance due to the actor's good qualities, then this reaction is termed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Studies have shown that the identity of a suicide victim is unrelated to the number of copycat suicides. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| George has gotten a punk haircut. His parents strongly disapprove and tell George never to do it again. However, George then decides to have half his hair dyed green. George's decision to engage in further deviant acts is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Sierra Club believes in keeping the environment free of pollutants and in taking care of lakes, streams, forests, and so on. This is part of its emergent norm structure. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The definition of the situation that results from interaction in an initially ambiguous situation is termed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lynching is a form of what kind of collective action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In order to please employers and customers in the service industry, employees will often wear a smile and act cheerful. According to Arlie Hochschild, this behavior is known as:
emotional labor
emotion work
emotion management
all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term that refers to the concept of the sum total of an individual’s emotional knowledge and skills is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the gender-response theory, men and women experience the same amount of stress but differ in the nature of their emotional responses to stress. It is thought that men get _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is the belief in the integrity of other people. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Demands for emotion work are evenly distributed. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the most important differences in the expression of emotions is how collective or individualistic a culture is. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Karen's boss yelled at her in a meeting with five other employees. Karen felt like exploding, but with a great deal of effort she managed not to yell back at her boss. This is an example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| General and diffuse emotional conditions are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of an individualist culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Joe drives his car 30 mph above the speed limit. A police officer pulls him over and gives Joe a court summons for reckless endangerment. In this case, the police officer's behavior is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The reactions of family, friends, and acquaintances to rule violations by individuals is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bill won't cheat on tests because he respects the professor and the university's rules for classroom behavior. Bill's behavior is evidence of the 'belief' component of the social bond. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Keith has a friend who knows how to hot-wire cars. Occasionally, when the friend goes out to steal a car, he takes Keith with him to show him how to do it. This type of environment is called a(n)
criminal structure
subculture structure
opportunity structure
deviant structure 0%
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT a type of collective action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT a phase of a gathering? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Social movements engage in framing when they attempt to sell their ideas and causes to others. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT a dimension of collective behavior? |
|
Definition
| the cohesiveness of members |
|
|
Term
| A group of persons with defined roles who engage in sustained activity to promote or resist social change is called (a) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In order to please employers and customers in the service industry, employees will often wear a smile and act cheerful. According to Arlie Hochschild, this behavior is known as:
a. Emotional Labor
b. Emotion Work
c. Emotion Management
d. All of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The two subsets of rule, “feeling norms” and “expression norms” create the concept of _________, according to Arlie Hochschild.
a. Emotion Rules
b. Emotion Norms
c. Societal norms
d. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed __________.
a. Cognitive Work
b. Detachment work
c. Emotion management
d. Emotional labor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the two major forms of distress discussed by Mirowsky and Ross in the CJ Chaper?
a. Depression and anxiety
b. Depression and anger
c. Anger and anxiety
d. Anger and sadness |
|
Definition
| a. Depression and anxiety |
|
|
Term
According to Mirowsky and Ross, most sociological research ignores ______, and on the other hand, most research on this takes a medical model approach
a. Sadness
b. Anger
c. Structural strains
d. All of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The social emotion that occurs when we judge ourselves to be bad people is
a. Guilt
b. Jealousy
c. Empathy
d. Love
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Demands for emotion work are evenly distributed
a. False
b. True |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Collectivist cultures are less sensitive to emotional experience.
a. False
b. True |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Participation in the Civil Rights Movement led to transformative emotional experiences.
a. True
b. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Love is not always a happy, positive emotion.
a. True
b. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The process by which members of a group come to expect and support deviance by another member over time is called the institutionalization of deviance.
a. False
b. True |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The nature of the situation is NOT a determinant of an observer's reaction to rule breaking.
a. True
b. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An environment in which the individual has the chance to enact a role is a(n)
a. Opportunity Structure
b. Learning structure
c. Environmental structure
d. Deviant subculture
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bob is always talking to his female friends about his terrific love life. He discovers that while they do not dislike him for this, they consider it inappropriate. Bob's decision to change his behavior is an example of
a. Social Reaction
b. Attenuation
c. Social change
d. Backtracking
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
After turning a number of assignments in late, Ted's teacher feigns a heart attack and mocks Ted in front of the entire class when he turns in his homework on time.
a. Primary deviance
b. Secondary Deviance
c. Unanticipated deviance
d. Expected deviance
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the social movement experiencing when there is an emergence of identifiable subgroups that oppose other subgroups?
a. Professionalization
b. Radicalization
c. Factionalization
d. Conciliation
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As the election drew near, Senator Obama relied less and less on volunteers in his campaign staff and more and more on paid consultants. The group underwent what kind of process?
a. Factionalization
b. Professionalization
c. Radicalization
d. Militanitizaiton
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The most common but least studied way in which gatherings end is the
a. Routine dispersal
b. Coerced dispersal
c. Emergency dispersal
d. Non-routine dispersal
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The Sierra Club believes in keeping the environment free of pollutants and in taking care of lakes, streams, forests, and so on. This is part of its emergent norm structure.
a. False
b. True |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Members of Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) sit in courtrooms to keep track of judges who are lenient toward drunk drivers. Their concern and willingness to volunteer their time makes the group (a)
a. Primary group
b. Collective group
c. Movement organization
d. Political Action Committee
e. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the chapter, symbolic interactionism views self and society as ______ related. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In occupations that require the display of positive or pleasant emotions, Arlie Hochschild suggests that individuals often resort to ______, or altering their physiological states with deep breathing, alcohol or drugs, exercise, and the like. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two subsets of rules, "feeling norms" and "expression norms" create the concept of ______, according to Arlie Hochschild. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Mirowsky and Ross, the medical model that discusses anger ignores _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Norms about how we must modify facial expressions to make them fit social situations are:
a) feeling rules
b) sentiments
c) self-schema
d) emotion work
e) none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Norms about how we must modify facial expressions to make them fit social situations are:
a) feeling rules
b) sentiments
c) self-schema
d) emotion work
e) none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT true about emotional expression in individualist cultures?
a) The expression of happiness reflects individual achievement
b) guilt is more important than shame, shame develops later
c) anger is unhealthy and hazardous
d) has a brief mourning period followed by a return to normal life
e) none of the above (all are true) |
|
Definition
| c) anger is unhealthy and hazardous |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a component of emotional intelligence?
a) Being able to accurately perceive emotions
b) Being able to use emotional information in rational thinking
c) Being able to understand the meaning of emotions
d) Being able to manage emotions
e) none of the above (they all are) |
|
Definition
| e) none of the above (they all are) |
|
|
Term
| General and diffuse emotional conditions are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The negative social emotion that occurs when something good happens to someone else is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| General and diffuse emotional conditions are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bill won't cheat on tests because he respects the professor and the university's rules for classroom behavior. Bill's behavior is evidence of the 'belief' component of the social bond. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As Carol begins smoking marijuana, she remains friends with a group of people who do not smoke it. However, as she smokes it more and more often, she starts to become friendlier with a group who often smokes marijuana regularly and regards it as positive. Carol has become a part of a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An environment in which the individual has the chance to enact a role is a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jim is home from college for the weekend and is at a party at a friend's house. As it nears midnight, he decides to go home because he knows that his mother will worry if he is out too late. Which theory would best explain Jim's behavior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the functions of labeling is to unify the group or society. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the functions of labeling is to unify the group or society. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The peace organization that Angelina belongs to on campus decides that the non-violent protests that they have conducted against the war are inadequate and decide to vandalize a recruiting office. The group underwent what kind of process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Strikes by workers are a form of what kind of collective action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The peace organization that Angelina belongs to on campus decides that the non-violent protests that they have conducted against the war are inadequate and decide to vandalize a recruiting office. The group underwent what kind of process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The activities that led to a crush at a Who concert in 1979 offered many insights into how crowds operate to social psychologists. Among the causes found were |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When two or more persons are engaged in behavior judged common or concerted on one or more dimensions, it is termed (a) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two subsets of rules, "feeling norms" and "expression norms" create the concept of ______, according to Arlie Hochschild. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Thoits, people who hold _____ may experience inappropriate feelings due to conflicting emotional expectations attached to those roles. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the gender-response theory, men and women experience the same amount of stress but differ in the nature of their emotional responses. It is thought that men get _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erica feels anxious all day although she cannot pinpoint why. This is a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The social emotion that occurs when we have a strong attraction for another and concern for their well-being is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| James and Lange found the sources of emotions in repressed childhood sexual desires. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of Paul Eckman's six fundamental emotions is embarrassment. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Attempts to change the quality or intensity of our feelings to match the occasion are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The view that people sometimes deviate from one set of norms because they are being influenced by a contradictory set of norms refers to differential association theory. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As Carol begins smoking marijuana, she remains friends with a group of people who do not smoke it. However, as she smokes it more and more often, she starts to become friendlier with a group who often smokes marijuana regularly and regards it as positive. Carol has become a part of a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When members of an audience behave toward a person according to a label and cause the person to respond in ways that confirm the label, they have produced a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
14.) Which of the following is NOT a way that a person may respond to anomie?
a) ritualism
b) innovation
c) rebellion
d) reaction
e) none of the above (they all are) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deviant behavior employed by a person as a means of adjustment is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After the graded exams have been returned, one student starts complaining about a question he thinks was unfair. He elicits the support of other students. Eventually, the class approaches the professor and asks if she will drop the question. This is an example of a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not a way that gatherings may end or disperse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A conception of reality that emphasizes certain values and justifies the movement is called an ideology. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term that refers to the concept of the sum total of an individual’s emotional knowledge and skills is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Mirowsky and Ross, women are _______ likely than/to men to experience psychological distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Mirowsky and Ross, most sociological research ignores ______, and on the other hand, most research on this takes a medical model approach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Guilt and shame are not synonymous. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research shows that men and women are equally ______? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Karen's pulse is elevated and her fists are clenched in fear. This is a(n)
Affect
Emotion
Sentiment
Mood
None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mood is a short-lived reaction to a stimulus outside the individual
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Norms about how we must modify facial expressions to make them fit social situations are
Feeling rules
Sentiments
Self-schema
Emotion work
None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Activities that violate norms of trust, usually for personal gain, are called white-collar crime. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An environment in which the individual has the chance to enact a role is a(n)
1. opportunity structure
2. learning structure
3. environmental structure
4. deviant subculture
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The practice in adult criminal cases in which both the prosecutor and the defendant's lawyer negotiate and make a decision prior to the trial in order to save time and expense is called
1. attenuation
2. balancing
3. decision making
4. plea bargaining
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Agencies given responsibility for dealing with violations of rules are considered
1. formal social control
2. informal social control
3. negative social control
4. primary social control
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The view that arrest and punishment of some individuals for violations of the law deters other persons from committing the same violations refers to the deterrence hypothesis (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relative deprivation is best explained by J-curve theory. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a type of collective action?
1. competitive action
2. proactive action
3. reactive action
4. pragmatic action 100%
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sue's roommate tells her that her boyfriend is going to dump her. The roommate says she heard it from a friend who overheard Sue's boyfriend say it. This is an example of a(n)
1. generalized belief
2. rumor
3. contagion
4. emergent norm
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A conception of reality that emphasizes certain values and justifies the movement is called an ideology. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The definition of the situation that results from interaction in an initially ambiguous situation is termed
1. contagion
2. milling
3. emergent norm
4. convergence
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The two subsets of rules, “feeling norms” and “expression norms” create the concept of _______, according to Arlie Hochschild.
1. emotion rules
2. emotion norms
3. societal norms
4. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Norms about how we must modify facial expressions to make them fit social situations are
1. feeling rules
2. sentiments
3. self-schema
4. emotion work
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Erica feels anxious all day although she cannot pinpoint why. This is a(n)
affect
emotion
sentiment
mood
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a component of emotional intelligence?
1. being able to accurately perceive emotions
2. being able to use emotional information in rational thinking
3. being able to understand the meaning of emotions
4. being able to manage emotions
5. none of the above (they all are) |
|
Definition
| 5. none of the above (they all are) |
|
|
Term
Guilt has a positive impact on relationships by
1. distributing the negative consequences of a bad action
2. if we try to correct whatever the act was that caused us to feel guilty, we indicate to the person who was harmed how much we value the relationship
3. a and b
4. guilt has no positive impact on relationships
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following jobs does NOT demand high levels of emotion work?
1. flight attendant
2. kindergarten teacher
3. bill collector
4. all of the above (none of them do)
5. none of the above (all of them do) |
|
Definition
| 5. none of the above (all of them do) |
|
|
Term
The view that a person who strives to attain a legitimate goal but is denied access to legitimate means will experience a state that reduces commitment to norms and the pursuit of goals refers to
1. labeling theory
2. control theory
3. differential association theory
4. anomie theory
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The view that reactions to a norm violation are a critical element in deviance is the basis of
1. the deterrence hypothesis
2. control theory
3. differential association theory
4. anomie theory
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mary has four children to feed and cannot get a job or welfare. She decided to begin working as a prostitute. This is an example of which response to anomie?
1. ritualism
2. innovation
3. retreatism
4. rebellion
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Individuals between the ages of 10 and 20 are at the peak age range to be arrested for
1. burglary
2. fraud
3. gambling
4. all of the above
5. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Activities that violate norms of trust, usually for personal gain, are called white-collar crime (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A group of family members, friends, or acquaintances who remain together throughout a gathering is called a(n)
assembly
companion cluster
primary group
small cluster
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When two or more persons are engaged in behavior judged common or concerted on one or more dimensions, it is termed (a)
social movement
primary group
collective behavior
movement organization
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The gap between expected and actual need satisfaction is called
convergence
emergent norms
relative deprivation
absolute deprivation
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
While job hunting, Jan believes that she has been discriminated against. She joins the National Organization for Women and gives up her free time on weekends to work for the organization. Her willingness to voluntarily work for NOW is called
deindividuation
contagion
mobilization
conversion
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tax rebellions are a form of what kind of collective action? competitive action reactive action proactive action pragmatic action none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The term that refers to the concept of the sum total of an individual’s emotional knowledge and skills is called what?
emotional possessions
emotional capital
intellectual capital
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In order to please employers and customers in the service industry, employees will often wear a smile and act cheerful. According to Arlie Hochschild, this behavior is known as:
emotional labor
emotion work
emotion management
all of the above |
|
Definition
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Term
The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed ________.
cognitive work
detachment work
emotion management
emotional labor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Attempts to change the quality or intensity of our feelings to match the occasion are called
feeling rules
sentiments
self-schema
emotion work
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Emotions and sentiments are synonymous terms. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The social emotion that occurs when we judge ourselves to be bad people is
guilt
jealousy
empathy
love
none of the above |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The theory that emotion is comprised of a physiological sensation, which is then cognitively processed, is associated with
Charles Darwin
James and Lange
Sigmund Freud
Arlie Hochschild
none of the above |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Ineffective social control is NOT a necessary consequence of labeling an individual as deviant. (T/F) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Behavior that violates the norms that apply in a given situation is called deviant behavior. (T/F) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a way that a person may respond to anomie?
ritualism
innovation
rebellion
reaction
none of the above (they all are) |
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Definition
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Term
| If an audience member does not recognize that a rule violation occurred, then this reaction is termed denial normalization attenuation balancing none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
A speaker on campus has been particularly critical of college students. When the audience begins booing and hissing at him, they are called (a)
primary group
collective group
movement organization
crowd
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The definition of the situation that results from interaction in an initially ambiguous situation is called an ideology.(T/F) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When authorities open channels of communication and negotiate in an attempt to resolve grievances, this is called factionalization. (T/F) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
When two or more persons are engaged in behavior judged common or concerted on one or more dimensions, it is termed (a)
social movement
primary group
collective behavior
movement organization
none of the above |
|
Definition
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|
Term
In occupations that require the display of positive or pleasant emotions, Arlie Hochschild suggests that individuals often resort to _______, or altering their physiological states with deep breathing, alcohol or drugs, exercise, and the like.
people work
pleasing work
bodily work
happy work |
|
Definition
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|
Term
According to Mirowsky and Ross, in the “social structure and psychological distress” model, _______ is a consequence of social problems, not the problem itself.
distress
the social structure
anger
fatigue |
|
Definition
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|
Term
________ is the belief in the integrity of other people.
naivete
trust
faith
reliance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| James and Lange found the sources of emotions in repressed childhood sexual desires. (T/F) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which of the following is an example of a collectivist culture?
Japan
China
Eskimo
All of the above
None of the above |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which of the following is NOT true about emotional expression in individualist cultures?
1. the expression of happiness reflects individual achievement
2. guilt is more important than shame, shame develops later
3. anger is unhealthy and hazardous
4. has a brief mourning period followed by a return to normal life
5. none of the above (all are true) |
|
Definition
| 3. anger is unhealthy and hazardous |
|
|
Term
A short-lived physiological and psychological reaction to a stimulus outside of the individual is called a
emotion
affect
sentiment
mood
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Jenny, a state employee in a state where striking is illegal, has decided to picket in favor of increasing health care benefits. Jenny's response to anomie is called
ritualism
innovation
retreatism
rebellion
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The reactions of family, friends, and acquaintances to rule violations by individuals is called
formal social control
informal social control
negative social control
primary social control
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rapid spread through a group of visible and unusual symptoms or behavior is called deindividuation contagion mobilization convergence none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When is collective violence more likely to occur?
spring
summer
fall
fall and winter
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a condition underlying collective behavior?
organization
relative deprivation
strain
grievance
none of the above (they all are) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Negotiation an attempt to settle grievances is called
none of the above
professionalization
radicalization
factionalization
conciliation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
According to the chapter, symbolic interactionism views self and society as _________ related
oppositionally
reciprocally
contentiously
not |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The idea that people in jobs which require emotional detachment reframe a situation so it elicits the proper emotional state is termed ________.
cognitive work
detachment work
emotion management
emotional labor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Socially significant feelings are called
emotions
sentiments
judgments
complex feelings
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Karen's boss yelled at her in a meeting with five other employees. Karen felt like exploding, but with a great deal of effort she managed not to yell back at her boss. This is an example of
feeling rules
sentiments
emotion work
self-schema
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
David grieves over the death of his wife. This is a(n)
affect
emotion
sentiment
mood
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An environment in which the individual has the chance to enact a role is a(n)
opportunity structure
learning structure
environmental structure
deviant subculture
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The view that a person who strives to attain a legitimate goal but is denied access to legitimate means will experience a state that reduces commitment to norms and the pursuit of goals refers to
labeling theory
control theory
differential association theory
anomie theory
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In every society there are norms that define acceptable ways of striving for goals. These are called
formal means
pragmatic means
codified means
accepted means
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The women's rights campus campaign that Bob belongs to has split up into subgroups focusing on abortion rights, gay rights, and violence against women. The group underwent what kind of process?
factionalization
professionalization
radicalization
militantization
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of collective behavior?
the spatial frame
the temporal frame
the scale of social activity
the cohesiveness of members
none of the above |
|
Definition
| the cohesiveness of members |
|
|
Term
The definition of the situation that results from interaction in an initially ambiguous situation is termed
contagion
milling
emergent norm
convergence
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When authorities open channels of communication and negotiate in an attempt to resolve grievances, this is called factionalization. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Negotiation an attempt to settle grievances is called
factionalization
none of the above
conciliation
radicalization
professionalization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| John, Joe, and Harry share an apartment. Joe smokes marijuana, and neither John nor Harry wants him to. They finally tell him that either he moves out or stops smoking marijuana. This situation is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Any kind of subjective evaluation of an object is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A temporary gathering of persons in close physical proximity, engaging in joint activity that is unconventional is called a primary group. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research has shown that we must notice our physiological reaction to an event before we can examine situational cues and know what emotion we are feeling. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The theory that some gestures and facial expressions are universal across cultures is associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the reaction to deviance is to dismiss the act and attribute the occurrence to a transient factor, then this reaction is termed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When Lynn started her new job, everyone thought she was strange because she counted certain debts as credits. Over time, all Lynn's coworkers became accustomed to this, especially as the value of their stock options increased. This situation is called |
|
Definition
| Institutionalization of deviance |
|
|
Term
The theory that the ability to understand emotional content in social interactions constitutes a unique dimension of intelligence is associated with
A. Charles Darwin
B. James and Lange
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Arlie Hochschild
E. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sigmund Freud believed that the source of emotions was feeling rules. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Discontent with the existing distribution of resources is called convergence. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tuition at the college has been raised every semester. Finally, while waiting in line to enroll, students begin to chant, and eventually they end up marching to the president's office. This is an example of (a)
collective behavior
primary group
movement organization
cohort
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An incident that may occur that adversely affects members of the group and symbolizes the problem, thus triggering collective behavior, is a precipitating event. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a possible audience response to a rule violation?
Denial
Normalization
Attenuation
Balancing
None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the cognitive labeling theory, we actively construct our emotions. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Emma's father always tells her that she is no good in math. As a result of this, Emma always gets nervous when working math problems, which causes her to answer them incorrectly. This is a case of
backtracking
unanticipated deviance
expected deviance
self-fulfilling prophecy
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following are most likely to lead to a friend to NOT label an actor as deviant?
situational characteristics
actor characteristics
audience characteristics
personal characteristics
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A group of people whose norms encourage participation in deviance and regard positively those who engage in deviant activity is called a
deviant group
primary group
deviant subculture
antisocial group
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a group is committed to the use of civil disobedience, it is called radicalization. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Joe drives his car 30 mph above the speed limit. A police officer pulls him over and gives Joe a court summons for reckless endangerment. In this case, Joe's behavior is called
deviant behavior
anomie behavior
none of the above
institutional behavior
secondary behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most riots occur when the temperature is around
50-55 degrees
60-65 degrees
80-85 degrees
90-95 degrees
none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT a phase of a gathering? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Social movements engage in framing when they attempt to sell their ideas and causes to others. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Collectivist cultures are less sensitive to emotional experience. (T/F) |
|
Definition
|
|
