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SOC101 Exam 4 Ch. 13
Politics and Media
37
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
12/08/2010

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Term
authority
Definition
power that is perceived as legitimate by both the holder of power and those subject to it
Term
charismatic authority
Definition
a type of power in which people obey because of the personal characteristics of the leader
Term
government
Definition
the organization and administration of the actions of the inhabitants of communities, societies, and states
Term
legal-rational authority
Definition
a type of power in which people obey leaders because they are voicing a set of rationally-derived laws
Term
politics
Definition
the art and science of government
Term
power
Definition
the ability to make people do what you want them to do
Term
traditional authority
Definition
a type of power that draws its legitimacy from tradition
Term
authoritarian political system
Definition
system in which power is vested in a single person or small group
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
an efficient hierarchical formal organization with clear rules and regulations and division of labor
Term
democracy
Definition
system that puts legislative decision making into the hands of the people rather than a single individual or a noble class
Term
dictatorship
Definition
rule by one person who has no hereditary claim to rule up
Term
monarchy
Definition
rule by a single individual; one of the first political systems
Term
participatory democracy
Definition
also known as pure democracy; a system in which every person gets one vote and the majority rules
Term
political action committee (PAC)
Definition
a controversial type of interest group that works to elect or defeat candidates based on their stance on specific issues
Term
proportional representation
Definition
system in which each party receives a proportion of the legislative seats
Term
representitve democracy
Definition
system in which citizens elect represntitives to make decisions for them
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
system when political authority is extended over all other aspects of social life
Term
universal suffrage
Definition
voting for all adults, both men and women
Term
interest group
Definition
groups formed by individuals, organizations, and industries, to promote their interest among state and national legislators and often to influence public opinion
Term
political party
Definition
a group that bands together to petition for political changes or to support candidates to elected office
Term
coup d'etat
Definition
a revolutionary event that replaces one political leader with another but often doesn't bring about any change in the daily life of the citizens
Term
immiseration thesis
Definition
Marx's theory that people get more and more miserable until they lash out in a revolution
Term
political revolution
Definition
revolutionary event that changes the political groups that run the society byt still draws its strength from the same social groups that supported the old regime
Term
relative deprivation
Definition
term to describe how misery is socially experienced by constantly comparing yourself to others
Term
revolution
Definition
the attempt to overthrow the existing political order and replace it with a completely new one
Term
social movements
Definition
collective attempts to further a common interest or secure a common goal through action outside the sphere of established institutions
Term
social revolution
Definition
a revolutionary event that changes the social groups or classes that political power rests on
Term
terrorism
Definition
using acts of violence and destruction against military or civilian targets (or threatening to use them) as a political strategy
Term
blog
Definition
an online personal journal or diary where an author can air his or her opinions directly to audiences
Term
mass media
Definition
ways to communicate with vast numbers of people at the same time, usually over a great distance
Term
media
Definition
the ways we communicate with each other
Term
culture industries
Definition
the mass production of cultural products that are offered for consumption
Term
media consolidation
Definition
the increased control of an increasing variety of media by a smaller and smaller number of companies
Term
fan
Definition
someone who finds significant personal meaning through allegiance to a larger social group; in the media, fandom refers to a heightened awareness of and allegiance toward a specific text
Term
interpretive community
Definition
groups that guide interpretation and convey the preferred meanings of mass media texts
Term
cultural imperialism
Definition
cultural control of one country by another
Term
global villiage
Definition
term coined by Marshall McLhan to refer to an environment in which people everywhere could make their voices heard to one another, thus bringing the world closer together
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