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Soc of Sex final
Soc of Sex final
136
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
10/18/2011

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Term
Masters and Johnson aided in the establishment of this profession:
Definition
Sex Therapists
Term
What is the correct order for the four phases of the human sexual response cycle developed by Masters and Johnson?
Definition
1)Excitement
2)plateau
3)orgasm
4)resolution
Term
According to the film, the following is true about Kinsey
Definition
His classmates called him "the next Darwin"
Term
According to the film, the following is true about Kinsey
Definition
He was taught that sex and masturbation were evil when he was a child
Term
According to the film, the following is true about Kinsey
Definition
His wedding night did not go well because of his wife's restricted hymen
Term
Kinsey is best known for
Definition
his findings regarding the fluidity of human sexuality
Term
What occurs for men in the plateau stage of the human sexual response cycle?
Definition
Penis doubles in size
Term
Who argued that sadism and masochism were a reflection of male and female natural states, with the man in the active/aggressive role and the woman in the passive/defensive role.
Definition
Austrian Psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing
Term
Who believed that people with sexual “abnormalities” (such as homosexuality) should be treated medically rather than punished?
Definition
Austrian Psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing
Term
Who was interested in female sexuality, claiming that women had an innately lesser sexual drive but also that “frigidity” could be brought on as a result of their husband’s aggressiveness?
Definition
Austrian Psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing
Term
What does it mean if you are a 5 on Kinsey Scale?
Definition
He is predominately homosexual, but has had a few heterosexual experiences
Term
authors of “The Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Mental Health Among Undergraduates” (from Speaking of Sexuality, Chapter 39) found that?
Definition
Gender did not moderate the effects of CSA on mental health
Term
Who was the first great modern sex researcher?
Definition
Kraft Ebbing(1840-1902)
Austrian Psychiatrist
Term
Kraft Ebbing
Definition
-Model of Sadism and Masochism
-Looked at the importance of fantasy
-Suggested treatment of homosexuality
-Saw women as exploited and was interest in their sexuality
-introduced concept of fetishism
~people who are attracted to objects rather than other people
-Author of Psyhopathia sexualis
~Sexual abnormalities as a diseases rather as a moral framework or crime
~Looking at the inner feelins of patients rather than just acts
-Concepts of psychological dissatisfaction and sexual anesthia
-A shift from legal/criminal to psychiatric and medical
Term
Model of Sadism and Masochism(ebbing)
Definition
The man plays the active, even aggressive role – the woman. The passive, defensive role
Term
Sex: “a Psycho—Cerebral act”(ebbing)
Definition
“frigidity” caused by “husbands animalistic acts” rather than an innate female condition
-But also saw oral sex as “horrible acts”
Term
Female subordination: “Natural and Joyful”(ebbing)
Definition
•Many women like nothing better than to go down on their knees…”
•It is said that lower class women in all slave peoples are unhappy when they do no get beaten up by their husbands
Term
“Masochism” ”The natural carried to an extreme”.(ebbing)
Definition
•The wish of a man to be conquered by a woman..
•Or a wish by a woman to exaggerate the natural balance of power
•Seen as normal and only deviant if it was outside of two loving partners
Term
Interested in Female sexuality(ebbing)
Definition
•Women had an innately lesser sexual drive
•Therefore more severe punishments for female non-monogamy
•Menstruating women less responsible for misdeeds because they had “periodic madness”
Term
Havelock Ellis (1859-1939)
Major accomplishments
Definition
•Female sexual desires as normal
•Much more tolerant of deviation from the norm
•(urged acceptance of unique acts or homosexuality as harmless)
•Forerunner of modern non-judgmental sex research
Term
Who believed childhood sexual interest was normal?
Definition
Havelock Ellis
Term
Who influenced Sigmund Freud?
Definition
HaVeLoCk ElLiS
Term
Psychoanalytic Theory (freud)
Definition
•Much of our drives are unconscious
•Famous for his theories on the expression of self through dreams
•Theories of childhood and female sexuality
•And the origins of sexual drive
Term
The origins of sexual drive/erotic energy? (freud)
Definition
•The ID “ Cauldron of Desire
•The Ego “aggressive pursuit of pleasure”
•The super Ego “Guilt, Shame, Social Control”
Term
The idea of sexual “drive”(freud)
Definition
•Called “LIBIDO”
•A huge energy that “has to be sublimated for human progress, art, etc prepressed for human order
Term
Theories of childhood sexuality(freud)
Definition
•The controversial idea of early childhood sexuality
•The development of sexuality and gender explained by
o The Oedipus complex
o The Electra Complex
Term
Theories of Psycho-sexual development (freud)
Definition
•1st year, oral development
•2nd year, anal development
•3rd-5th year, phallic stage(masturbation), homoerotic stage (passes)
•6th year-adolescence, latency
•Adolescence
Term
Theories of female sexuality (freud)
Definition
•Anatomy is destiny
•Women as biological inferior to men – no penis- no castration complex, therefore no super ego
Term
Female sexuality as inherently passive(freud)
Definition
•Mature and immature female sexuality
•The vaginal orgasm versus the clitoral orgasm
Term
The father of modern empirical survey
Definition
Alfred Kinsey
Term
Who was Alfred Kinsey?
Definition
•Taxonomist- biologist of gall wasp
•1920 went to Bloomington Indiana to teach biology at Indiana university
•1938 starts course of study on sexuality after being asked to do course on marriage
•Creates sex interviews and histories for study
Term
Why was Kinsey in the news in 1948-1953
Definition
•Two volumes one on male sexual response and one on female.
Term
Whats were Kinsey's Major accomplishments?
Definition
•Kinsey Scale
•Female sexuality: more premarital sex than imagined
•Revelations : Contraception
•High male incidences of homosexuality
Term
Findings on Homosexuality (Kinsey)
Definition
•Most controversial—on men(over 16)
•37% of men – one experience to orgasm (13% female)
•11% “significant” sexual behavior (28% female)
Term
Findings on masturbation (Kinsey)
Definition
•By age 15-85% of boys
o 20% of girls
•Total – men about 100%
o Women about 50%
~40 % if women experience orgasm
•As normal rather than as sick or immature
Term
Findings on marital sex (Kinsey)
Definition
•Orgasm was much more common with each older cohort
•Younger women did more positions
•Oral sex increased with the younger cohorts
•Significant gender, class and racial differences
Term
Criticism of the Kinsey Studies
Definition
•Inadequate sampling and over generalization
o Volunteer sample
o Over sampling (Indiana, educated, students)
o Under sampling (working class, less educated, rural, Catholics and Jew..
o Use of prison data
•Interviews with Pedophile
•Molested 600 plus preadolescent males, 200 plus pre-adolescent females
•Sex as an act rather than embedded in a relationships, love, culture etc..
Term
William Simon and John Gagnon
Definition
•1960’s wrote sexual conduct
•The experience of sex is culturally constructed through the interaction of human beings
Term
Masters and Johnson accomplishments
Definition
1) The Human Sexual Response Cycle

2) understand female orgasm

3) synchronizing male & female lovemaking

4) setting precedent for empirical study of sexual functioning

5) create therapeutic method for sexual issues

6) create alternate physical explanation vs. Freudian vision for sexual issues
Term
Who gave Kinsey full support?
Definition
C.R.P.S (committee for research in the problem of sex)
Term
What was the role of women in Masters studies?
Definition
Generally he gave more emphasis to the female than to the male not oly on his team but in his studies.
Term
Using miniature cameras allowed Masters and Johnson to do what?
Definition
Determine that there was a moistening of the vaginal lining with lubricating fluid within 10 to 30 seconds of the onset of erotic stimulation and to note that this fluid came from coalescence of a sweating of the vagina's wall.
Term
Excitement Phase
Definition
Is the first stage of the human sexual response cycle. It occurs as the result of any erotic physical or mental stimulation, such as kissing, petting, or viewing erotic images, that lead to sexual arousal. During the excitement stage, the body prepares for coitus, or sexual intercourse, in the plateau phase.
Term
Plateau Phase
Definition
is the period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm. The phase is characterized by an increased circulation and heart rate in both sexes, increased sexual pleasure with increased stimulation, and further increased muscle tension. Also, respiration continues at an elevated level.
Term
Orgasm Phase
Definition
Is the conclusion of the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle and is experienced by both males and females. It is accompanied by quick cycles of muscle contraction in the lower pelvic muscles, which surround both the anus and the primary sexual organs. Women also experience uterine and vaginal contractions. Orgasms are often associated with other involuntary actions, including vocalizations and muscular spasms in other areas of the body, and a generally euphoric sensation. Heart rate is increased even further.
Term
Resolution Phase
Definition
Occurs after orgasm and allows the muscles to relax, blood pressure to drop and the body to slow down from its excited state.
Term
Lust is associated with what hormone?
Definition
Testosterone
Term
Romantic love is associated with what natural stimulant?
Definition
Dopamine and norepinephrine
Term
Feelings of male-female attachment are associated with what hormone?
Definition
Oxytocin and Vasopressin
Term
Lust is
Definition
the craving for sexual gratification
Term
Attachment is
Definition
the feelings of calm, security, and union with a long-term partner.
Term
When do females feel more sexual desire?
Definition
during ovulation when testosterone increases.
Term
Testosterone
Definition
only true substance to stimulate sexual desire in men and women
Term
The ID
Definition
Cauldron of Desire
Term
The Ego
Definition
Aggressive pursuit of pleasure
Term
The Super Ego
Definition
Guilt, Shame, Social Control
Term
Which sex has higher satisfaction than any other kind of relationship?
Definition
Married Sex
Term
What affects sexuality in committed couples?
Definition
Age and Duration
Term
What is the number one thing that affects sexual frequency?
Definition
Having kids
Term
Who is less tired and more dissatisfied with sexual frequency?
Definition
Fathers
Term
Sexual frequency and sexual satisfaction are
Definition
strongly correlated
Term
emotional and physical sexual satisfaction is highest for what type of couple?
Definition
Same Sex
Term
infidelity
Definition
differences in emotional effects of intimacy
Term
Men are how much more likely to admit infidelity?
Definition
2 times
Term
Condoms not used regularly over what age?
Definition
45
Term
What is sexual happiness connected to when over 45?
Definition
-Having a partner
-Good Health
-Marriage
Term
Sex is a higher priority for what culture?
Definition
Hispanic culture
Term
Marriage in 1945
Definition
2/3 of 21 years were married
Term
Average marriage age now?
Definition
26-28ish
Term
What is the hook up?
Definition
-Casual social situation
-Something sexual happens
-Usually includes drinking
-Doesn't preclude a relationship
Term
Average # drinks on most recent hook up for males?
Definition
7
Term
Average # drinks on most recent hook up for females?
Definition
4
Term
Moore and Davidson found evidence that?
Definition
sometimes women drink to make sex easier
Term
Before a hook up?
Definition
people know each other
Term
Hook ups lead to?
Definition
Dates
Term
Who is most likely to use a condom?
Definition
adolescents
Term
according to Moore and Davidson those who delay are least likely to what?
Definition
to use a condom
Term
According to Moore and Davidson women with higher self-esteem?
Definition
have more discussion with partners about condom use
Term
Clicker question: Monogamy in Marriage?
Definition
-Class Overwhelmingly yes
-Moe females believe in monogamy than males.
Term
Clicker question: have you ever been unfaithful?
Definition
-28% yes
-No 72%
-More men than women have been unfaithful(25% women 34% men)
Term
Strategies to control women into being faithful
Definition
-Purdah
-duanas
-chastity
-Virginity and virginity proofs
-honor killings
Term
Exceptions to monogamy?
Definition
-Swingers
-Polyamory
-'don' ask, don't tell'
Term
Who are Swingers?
Definition
-different types
-no emotional involvement
-'play dates'
-recreational life is organized about it communal
Term
most predictable reason for non-monogamy
Definition
opportunity
Term
Polyamory
Definition
the idea that it's possible to be in love with more than one person at the same time.
Term
Main characters of When Two Won't Do?
Definition
-Maureen and David
-Will and Robin
-Craig
-Linda Lu
Term
What is the arousal industry?
Definition
A product, human or object, designed to stimulate sexual excitement
Term
What is obscene/Obscenity?
Definition
-It appeals to shameful and morbid interest in nudity, sex or excretion
-Without "socially redeeming value-lacks serious artistic, literary, political, or scientific merit"
Term
Clicker question: Do you think pornography should be legal?
Definition
-11% yes
-89% No
Term
Clicker: Have you ever watched a pornographic movie?
Definition
-Yes 64% (93% of men have, 54% of women have
-No 36% (46% of women have not, 75 of men have not
Term
How much money does porn make?
Definition
-Between 10-14 billion annually
-more than NFL and NBA combined
Term
Reverse discrimination
Definition
Women are stars and make more than men
Term
Biggest money maker
Definition
Vivid
Term
First take home vibrator patent by who and what year?
Definition
Hamilton Beach 1902
Term
Sex Tourists
Definition
--Thailand, other brothels surrounded by electric wire
-Bugis street Singapore ( now defunct)
-Big buyers :sweden
big tourists: Japan, Philippines
Term
Why are we so fascinated with prostitution?
Definition
-the romanticization of sexually free women
-the idea of a women that will do anything
-woman as sexual outlaw
-paradoxically, a woman who will always say yes for a price
-"whore with heart of gold"
-different for me
-rescuer fantasies
-needed money otherwise she never would have done it
Term
Is it just sex that makes prostitution so successful?
Definition
no generally sex workers are also emotional workers
Term
Age of sex workers?
Definition
-young
-begin at average 22
Term
Background of sex workers?
Definition
-childhood abuse for both adolescent boys and girls
-start using sex to please and get their way
-self loathing
Term
Different class levels in prostitution
Definition
-Street
-brothel
-part time
Term
Street Level Prostitution
Definition
-approximately 10% are street walkers
-usually entry level for adolescents
-most visible, and likely to be arrested
-most vulnerable to be raped, robbed, or hurt
-usually 5 days
Term
Brothel Workers
Definition
-Safer where it is legal and regulated like Nevada
-More camaraderie, more repeat customers
-Different from massage parlors that are more likely to hide identities
Term
Part time prostitutes
Definition
-Housewives, college students, show girls and opportunistic
-Gifts that turn into cash that turn into being kept
Term
Call girls
Definition
-We call some prostitutes and some not
-one customer
-Highest aid:1,000 a night
-Best educated
-Work through referrals/contacts
Term
Three subcultures of men involvement in prostitution
Definition
-Hustlers
-Gay
-transvestite
Term
What do ESSENTIALIST tend to focus on?
Definition
similarities in human behavior
Term
After a hook up?
Definition
Most people do have some contact with their hookup partner after the
hookup; the majority feel that talking to their hookup partner is not
awkward at all
Term
According to the guest lecture we had on condoms, the approximate number of people in the United States have an incurable STI?
Definition
Is in the ten millions (10,000,000s)
Term
What type of couple is more likely to remain friends after separation?
Definition
Same-Sex couples
Term
A social constructionist would agree that...
Definition
Men have more sexual partners than women because of fewer norms
restricting their number of partners
Term
What does homogamy mean?
Definition
Marrying a spouse who has similar social characteristics (same class,
religion, ethnicity)
Term
The Kinsey Report
Definition
In depth revelation of sexual practices of American people
Term
Masters and Johnson
Definition
Deep and thorough study of the human sexual response
Term
The 1994 National Health and Social Life Survey
Definition
Focused on sexuality at a social, not individual, level
Term
What do essentialists believe about bisexuality?
Definition
They think it does not exist
Term
According to Schwartz and Rutter (Gender of Sexuality Ch 5), “conservatives decry the perceived epidemic of teen motherhood, but the facts are more complicated.” What makes these authors argue that there is not an epidemic of teen motherhood?
Definition
Teenagers are not having more babies now than they did in the past, adults
are having fewer (creating a false impression that teen pregnancy is on the rise)
Term
Freud theorized that vaginal orgasms
Definition
are physiologically different from (and superior to) clitoral orgasms
Term
According to research findings presented in lecture, which people would be expected to have the least sex over the period of a year:
Definition
A 50-year-old dating woman
Term
According to Bailey et al.’s 1993 study (referenced in Speaking of Sexuality Ch 29, “Human Sexual Orientation Has a Heritable Component”), a non-heterosexual male would be most likely to have a non-heterosexual sibling if that sibling were
Definition
a monozygotic male twin
Term
A recent Indiana study reported that
Definition
Over half of the women had never
masturbated.
Term
Mexican Americans are more likely
Definition
to embrace traditional sexual attitudes than whites
Term
According to Bogel, why do women ‘opt in’ to the hooking up script?
Definition
women opt in because men have the power in hooking up
Term
Were condoms invented in the 20th century?
Definition
No they were used as early as the 1600's
Term
About how many unintended pregnancies occur each year in the US?
Definition
3,000,000
Term
About how many unintended pregnancies among teens occur each year in the US?
Definition
750,000
Term
A sexually transmitted infection can result in
Definition
-Death
-Infertility
-Significant impact on your quality of life, for the rest of
your life
Term
About how many people are currently living with an incurable sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the
US?
Definition
65,000,000
Term
About how many US teen women (age 14-19)
currently have an STI?
Definition
1 in 4
Term
Where does the University of Washington rank in the latest Trojan Sexual Health Report Card of 140 college campuses across the US?
Definition
# 43rd
Term
Among single, sexually-active adults how frequently are condoms used?
Definition
About 33 percent of the time
Term
What percent of males age 15-19 report using a condom every time?
Definition
About 66 percent
Term
When used consistently and correctly, about how effective are condoms at preventing unintended pregnancy?
Definition
98 percent effective
Term
definition of Sexuality
Definition
All those aspects of body, mind and genital arousal that occur alone or
with a partner that pertains to the erotic or the sensual
Term
What do essentialist believe?
Definition
they believe going against nature is wrong and ultimately futile.
Term
Essentialism
Definition
-biology is bedrock
-body mechanics are more important than culture or individual beliefs
Term
social construction of sexuality
Definition
-sex is a culturally conceived and enforced body of beliefs and knowledge
-sex is not a natural act
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