Term
| The Sociological Imagination |
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Definition
| Ability to grasp interconnections between individual biography and social structures of society |
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Term
| Personal Troubles & Public Issues |
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Definition
Personal Troubles: Events that impact you, your family or your community
Public Issues: Structural Implications |
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Term
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Definition
| Norms, Values and Structures that are external to, and coercive of, the Individual. |
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Term
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Definition
1: Material - Tangible aspects, laws, technology
2: Non Material - Morality, Collective Conscience, Collective Representation, Social Currents |
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Term
| 4 types of Non-Material Social Facts |
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Definition
1. Morality: Autonomy, Discipline, Attachment
2. Collective Conscience: Shared Understandings
3. Collective Representation: Symbols of a Society
4. Social Currents: Power of Emotion |
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Term
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Definition
Interpenetration of Global and Local
i.e. Noodles, Beer @ McDonalds |
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Term
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Definition
Overarching system of Power
The Panopticon creates a consciousness of permanent visibility as a form of power, where no bars, chains, and heavy locks are necessary for domination any more. |
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Term
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Definition
| Beings are actualized by self-discovery and self-fulfillment |
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Term
| Durkheim's 3 Components of Morality |
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Definition
1. Spirit of discipline
2. Attachment to social groups
3. Autonomy |
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Term
| Weber's discussion of the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism |
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Definition
| Argument that the Protestant (Calvinist) work ethic influenced the rise of capitalism due to belief in predestination. |
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Term
| Innerworldly and Otherworldly Asceticism |
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Definition
Inner-worldly ascetics withdraw from society to avoid its temptations and the possibility of idleness
Otherworldly ascetics lead an ascetic lifestyle but do not feel the need to withdraw from society |
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Term
| Characteristics of Bureaucracy |
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Definition
Exemplifies Rational-Legal Authority. Authority thru Law
Functions bound by rules or offices
Hierarchy
Documentation
Specialized training for offices
Given Means of Production
Careers in Bureaucratic Structures. Tenured Jobs
Replacement work easily found |
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Term
| 3 Types of Authority (Weber) |
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Definition
1. Traditional Authority: Monarchy, authority passed down through right
2. Charismatic Authority: Leadership, Cults of Personality
3. Rational-Legal Authority: Implements Law and Bureaucracy |
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Term
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Definition
1. Legal: Coercion necessary to subdue a criminal in order to take them into custody.
2. Coercive acts that are viewed as necessary by the cop but could be perceived as excessive or unjust.
3. Excessive: Viewed as excessive/unjust by all. Including police officers |
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Term
| Excuses vs. Justifications (2 types of Justification) |
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Definition
Excuses: Deny responsibility but acknowledges inappropriateness of act
Justifications (2 types): Accept responsibility but deny that it was inappropriate
1. Situational: normal force used to re-establish authority
2. Abstract: Re-establishes moral order |
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Term
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Definition
| Decisions made with a focus on technical criterion as opposed to ethical/moral criterion. i.e. McDonaldization |
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Term
| Charictaristics of Formal Rationality (McDonaldization) |
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Definition
Standardizing of Processes
Emphasis on Technicalities
“the search by people for optimum means to a given end that is shaped by rules, regulations, and larger social structures” |
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Term
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Definition
| Small businesses being defeated by larger corporations forces proprietors into the working class Proletariat |
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Term
| Class in Itself vs. Class for Itself |
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Definition
Class in Itself: Category of people having a common relation to the means of production
Class for itself: Stratum organized in active pursuit of its own interests |
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Term
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Definition
| When children assign respect and status based on material items. Parents want their children to fit in so they buy these things for them |
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Term
| 3 Types of Difference Parents are attuned to |
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Definition
1. Interactional: Activities, Vacations...
2. Personal: Family Background
3. Social: Race, Gender, Socioeconomic status |
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Term
| Conspicuous Consumption & Leisure |
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Definition
the spending of money for and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicly display economic power—either the buyer’s income or the buyer’s accumulated wealth.
A public display of discretionary economic power is a means either of attaining or of maintaining a given social status. |
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Term
| Functions of the Undeserving Poor |
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Definition
1. Micro-Social: Risk Reduction (separation of classes)
Scapegoating (Blame the poor)
2. Economic: Banishment from job opportunity
Supply of Illegal Goods
Job Creation (Social workers, psychiatrists)
3. Political: Institutional Scapegoating
Conservative Power Shifting
Spacial Purification |
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Term
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Definition
ethnicity that is individualistic in nature and without real social cost for the individual.
These symbolic identifications are essentially leisure time activities, rooted in nuclear family traditions reinforced by voluntary enjoyable aspects of being ethnic. |
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Term
| Areas Studied in "Working Class White" |
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Definition
Boston & Atlanta
Selected to be similar but end up not being so |
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Term
| Impact of Whiteness in the area |
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Definition
-Whites seeking low wage jobs seen as having problems
-Affluent whites who commute to city but are ignored
-Less affluent whites that live amongst minorities have hardest time. (Differences b/w cities displayed here) |
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Term
| 3 Contexts in which Whites expressed Anti Black Sentiment |
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Definition
- When the status of the white individual was challenged in some way
- In reference to black’s claims of discrimination
- In reference to neighborhood social problems such as high crime rates of poor |
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Term
| 4 Characteristics of Provoking Assaults |
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Definition
-Symbolism: Case is symbolic of perceived Social Problems
-Legal and Social Partialization: Merge legal cases and Social Causes
-Controversy and Culpability
-Lingering Resentment |
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Term
| 3 Groups of people usually involved in provoking assaults |
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Definition
1. Media
2. Members of Criminal Justice System
3. Public responses |
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Term
| 3 Problems Judges have in High-profile Cases |
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Definition
1. Bias
2. Dealing with Media
3. Keeping Jurors impartial |
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