Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The unpaired cartilage which we say colloquially forms the "Adam's apple" and which forms a more acute angle in males than in females, is the __________(1) cartilage. This cartilage articulates via ligaments to the only bone associated with the larynx, the _______(2) bone. |
|
Definition
(1) thyroid cartilage
(2) hyoid bone |
|
|
Term
| The signet ring shaped cartilage which forms the rostral-most tracheal ring is the _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sitting on the dorsal-superior edge of the cricoid are the most important paired cartilages of the larynx, called the ______(1) cartilages. Each of these two cartilages has a pair of processes. The lateral-most process is called the _______(2) process. Several muscles attach to this processes, including the only vocal fold abductor muscle. The medial-ventral processes of these paired cartilages are the processes to which the vocal folds themselves attach, and these processes are the ______(3) processes. |
|
Definition
(1) arytenoid
(2) muscular
(3) vocal |
|
|
Term
| Intrinsic laryngeal muscles: The muscle which abducts the vocal folds is the ________(1). Two muscles which adduct the vocal folds are ______(2) and _____(3). The primary pitch-raising muscle is the _______(4). The muscle which forms the body of the vocal folds proper, but which also probably contributes to tension changes (and thus pitch changes) is the _______(5). |
|
Definition
(1) posterior cricoarytenoid
(2) lateral cricoarytenoid
(3) interarytenoid
(4) cricothyroid
(5) thyroarytenoid |
|
|
Term
| The medial aspect of the muscle which forms the vocal folds is sometimes given the special name ________(1) while the lateral aspect is given the name _______(2). |
|
Definition
(1) vocalis
(2) muscularis |
|
|
Term
| All intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by what cranial nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cranial nerve branch supplies motor innervation to the major "pitch changing" mucsle of the larynx? _______ (1) And which branch innervates all the other intrinsic laryngeal muscles? (2) |
|
Definition
(1) superior laryngeal nerve
(2) recurrent laryngeal of CN X |
|
|
Term
Indicate whether each muscles raises or lowers the larynx:
1. Thyrohoid
2. Hyoglossus
3. Digastric
4. Sternothyroid
5. Geniohyoid |
|
Definition
1. raises
2. raises
3. raises
4. lowers
5. raises |
|
|
Term
| Motor supply to the extrinsic muscles comes via which cranial nerve (1), supplemented by fibers from the first few nerves of what spinal nerve category? _____(2) |
|
Definition
(1) XII, hypoglossal.
(2) cervical |
|
|
Term
| When the crico-thyroid muscle contracts, drawing together the two cartilages to which it attaches, these cartilages rotate around the _______(1) joint. This rotation occurs around a dextral-sinistral axis, and so the special name we give to this rotation is ____(2). |
|
Definition
(1) cricothyroid
(2) pitch |
|
|
Term
Of the two major laryngeal joints which affect the vocal folds, which is primarily related to the approximation of the vocal folds? (1)
By convention, what do we say is the primary rotational movement for that join? (2) Around what axis does that action occur? (3) |
|
Definition
(1) cricoarytenoid
(2) roll
(3) front-back or ventral-dorsal |
|
|
Term
| Of the vocal folds, which layer is the most compliant? (1) Which layer is the stiffest? (2) Which layer has an intermediate degree of compliance? (3)If the tissue compliance of the vocal folds is changed by some anatomic alteration, such as the development of nodules or scar tissue, what is the functional consequence of that? (4) |
|
Definition
(1) epithelium
(2) muscle
(3) lamina propria
(4) the vocal folds cannot vibrate and produce sound properly |
|
|
Term
| The opening between the vocal folds is the ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rotation around a ventral-dorsal axis |
|
|
Term
| The double bellied muscle which may help raise the larynx and which is supplied by two different cranial nerves is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the nearby stylo-hyoid are both served by cranial nerve ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The point at which the vocal folds come together on the dorsal aspect of the thyroid angle is called the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
