Term
|
Definition
| inspiratory reserve volume (air inspired beyond tidal inspiration) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Expiratory Reserve Volume (air expired beyond tidal expiration) |
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Term
|
Definition
the volume of air that can be inspired after maximal expiration
TV+ERV+IRV |
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Term
Functional Residual Capacity
FRC |
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Definition
| the air that remains in the body after passive exhalation. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the volume that can be inspired from resting lung volume |
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Term
State
the
units
of
pressure
and
volume. |
|
Definition
VOLUME: L or mL
Pressure: cm H2O |
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|
Term
Explain
how
pressure
and
volume
are
measured. |
|
Definition
Volume: Spirometer
Pressure: U-tube manometer |
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Term
|
Definition
| Alveolar Pressure: air pressure measured at the level of the alveolus in the lung |
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure below the vocal folds |
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Term
| intra oral pressure (mouth pressure) |
|
Definition
| air pressure measured within the mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure measured within the pleural linings of the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted on the earth by its atmosphere, and will be treated as a constant ZERO against which to compare respiratory pressures |
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Term
|
Definition
| difference between abdominal and alveolar pressure |
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|
Term
The Diaphragm points of attachment and what it does
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Sternal Attachment: Anterior
Xiphoid process
Costal/Rib Attachment:
Inner border of ribs 7 – 12 (and costal cartilages)
Vertebral Attachment: LI-L4
What the diaphragm does, mainly, is increase the superior – inferior (vertical) dimension of the thorax. |
|
|
Term
External Intercostals
Origin, insertion, action, course
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Origin: Lower surface of each rib
(except 12th)
Insertion: upper surface of immediately lower rib
Course: Downward and inward
Action: Upward and outward movement of the rib cage
One of the most important inspiratory muscles for speech |
|
|
Term
Internal Intercostals
Expiration |
|
Definition
Main Expiratory muscle
Origin: Supr margin of rib
Insertion: Inferior surface of
rib above it
Action: Depressing the rib cage. |
|
|
Term
Levatores Costarum: Brevis
Inspiration |
|
Definition
12 muscles on the back of the rib cage wall
Origin: Starting at the 7th cervical vertebrae on each successive vertebra through T11
Insertion: Rib immediately below
Action: Ribs elevate |
|
|
Term
Levatores Costarum: Longis
Inspiration |
|
Definition
4 muscles on the back of the rib cage wall
Origin: Starting at the 7th thoracic vertebrae on each successive vertebra through T10 – 4 pairs
Insertion: Rib after the one immediately below
Action: Ribs elevate |
|
|
Term
Serratus Posterior Superior
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Posterior of the rib cage, on the upper portion
Origin: 7th cervical and 1st – 3rd thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: 2nd – 5th ribs (on the back side)
Action: Elevates the 2nd – 5th ribs in that region |
|
|
Term
The Sternocleidomastoid
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Origin: Bony skull behind ear
Insertion: - Sternal Head - Clavicular Head
Course: Downward and forward
Action: Elevates sternum and clavicle
elevates ribs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Anterior, Medial and Posterior Origin: Antr3- 6 cervical vertebrae MediusLower 6 cervical vertebrae PostrLower 3 cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Antr and medius1st rib Postrsecond rib
Action: Elevation of the 1st and 2nd ribs respectively |
|
|
Term
The Pectoralis Major
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Fan shaped muscle Origin: humerus bone (arm)
Insertion: Upper costal cartilages, sternum (sternal head), inner half of clavicle (clavicular head)
Action: Outward movement of the ribs when the humerus is held in
place |
|
|
Term
The Pectoralis Minor
Inspiration |
|
Definition
| Origin: Front surface of the scapula Insertion: Ribs 2 – 5 near costal cartilage Action: Elevates ribs 2 - 5 |
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|
Term
Serratus Anterior
Inspiration |
|
Definition
Side of the rib cage wall
Origin: The bottom front of the scapula
Insertion: Outer surface of ribs 1 through 9
Action: Elevation of upper ribs when scapula is held in place |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin: Underside of clavicle
Insertion: Junction of the 1st rib and its costal cartilage
Action: Elevates 1st rib |
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Term
|
Definition
Fan shaped muscle on the inside front wall of rib cage
Origin: Middle part of lower sternum
Insertion: Inner surface of ribs 2 –6
Action: Lowers ribs 2 – 6. |
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Term
|
Definition
Lower portion of the rib cage wall, on the posterior side.
Origin: Inner surface of ribs near the vertebrae Insertion: Inner surface of rib immediately or a few ribs above Action: Depresses ribs into which they are inserted |
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|
Term
| Serratus Posterior Inferior |
|
Definition
Origin: T11-T12; L1 – L3
Insertion: Lower borders of ribs 9 – 12 (text says lower 5)
Action: Depresses lower four ribs |
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Term
|
Definition
Midline muscles in the Abdomen (rectus = rectangular)
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Xiphoid process of sternum, and cartilage of Ribs 7– 10
Action: Pulls ribs downward and
abdominal wall inward |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Origin: Near the vertebral column posteriorly
Insertion: Upper surface of coxal bone, costal cartilages of ribs6–12
Action: Reduces abdominal volume |
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|
Term
| Internal Oblique Abdominis |
|
Definition
Origin: Upper surface of the coxal bone
Insertion: Lower 3-4 ribs and aponeurosis
Action: Similar to external obliques |
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|
Term
| External Oblique Abdominis |
|
Definition
Origin: Upper surface of coxal bone, and abdominal aponeurosis
Insertion: Lower borders of lower 7 ribs
Action: Pulls ribs downward and abdominal wall inward |
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Term
| State muscles that expand the lungs/rib cage in the A-P Dimensions |
|
Definition
External interCostals
The Pectoralis Major
Rectus Abdominis
Transversus Abdominis
Internal and External Obliques |
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure exerted by abdominal contents |
|
|
Term
State
differences
between
tidal
breathing
and
speech
breathing
in
terms
of:
Volume of
air
exchanged |
|
Definition
volume of air exchanged: ~10% VC quiet
volume of air exchanged: ~ 20 – 25% VC speech |
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|
Term
| Tidal Breathing: cycles per minute |
|
Definition
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