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skin
chapter 2
197
Pathology
Undergraduate 2
06/09/2015

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Term
skin is a ____organ
Definition
vital
Term
the skins job is to
Definition
regulate body temp
sense pain
keeps substances from entering body
provides shield from sun
Term
functions of the skin
Definition
protection
homeostasis
sensory envelope
absorption/excretion
Term
three layers of skin
Definition
subcutaneous tissue
dermis
epidermis
Term
subcutaneous tissue is found
Definition
under dermis
Term
connects skin to underlying structures
fat tissue is found here to help regulate body from heat and cold
Definition
subcutaneous tissue
Term
considered true skin and found under epidermis
Definition
dermis
Term
the dermis is composed of
Definition
connective tissue
elastic fibers
nerves
hair follicles
sweat,sebaceous,oil glands
Term
new skin cells are born where
migrate up or down and do what
Definition
dermis
up and die
Term
outer most layer of skin
consist of
Definition
epidermis
squamous epithelium
Term
tough fibrous protein produced by cells keratinocytes
Definition
keratin
Term
keratin does what
Definition
protects skin from harmful substances
Term
this is found at bottom of epidermis
Definition
melanocytes
Term
melanocytes produce what
Definition
melanin
Term
dark pigment of the skin protects body from harmful rays of sun
Definition
melanin
Term
layers of thick tissue protecting skin thats exposed to friction
Definition
callus
Term
if intact state of skin has been compromise in any way the client is
Definition
walking invite for infection
Term
if there is any skin irritations it is considered
Definition
local contraindication
Term
blue colored skin
decreased oxygen
Definition
cyanosis
Term
yellowish coloration
billed up of billirubin
Definition
jaundice
Term
red skin
Definition
fever
Term
may indicate anemia
Definition
pallor
Term
characteristics of skin lesions
Definition
size
shape
color
location
Term
itching
Definition
pruritis
Term
swelling
Definition
edema
Term
redness
Definition
erythema
Term
blister like eruption
Definition
vesicles
Term
larger fluid-containing pus
Definition
pustules
Term
hard when palpating
Definition
nodules or tumors
Term
lesions that are flat
Definition
macular
Term
lesions that are raised
Definition
papular
Term
red skin congested blood vessels resulting from injury or inflammation
Definition
erythematous
Term
scabies is also know as
Definition
sarcoptes scabii
Term
scabies irritates skin by
Definition
female mite burrows under skin
where it drinks blood, defecates, urinates and lays eggs
Term
scabie waste is highly irritating causing
Definition
itching
Term
scabies is spread by
Definition
close personal contact or laying on massage sheets
Term
signs/symptoms of scabies
Definition
too small to see
leave behind a reddish or grayish line
burrow under skin groin, palms, between fingers
Term
diagnosing scabies is
Definition
difficult d/t only need a few to cause itching
Term
treatment of scabies
Definition
bathing with pesticidal soap
Term
massaging with scabies
Definition
no sheets are hot
Term
these bugs live in hair and suck blood from scalp
Definition
lice
Term
lice is a condition called
Definition
pediculosis
Term
lice can be seen
Definition
by the naked eye
Term
how does lice spread
Definition
by jumping
Term
S/S of lice
Definition
lay eggs base of neckline and hehind ears
Term
tx of head lice
Definition
pesticidal shampoo with fine tooth comb
may use mayo
Term
r u able to massage head lice
Definition
no
Term
another name for public lice
Definition
Crabs
Term
where does crabs live
Definition
all forms of body hair
Term
crabs are spread by
Definition
sexual contact even massage sheets
Term
does crabs hop or dont hop
Definition
dont hop
Term
signs and syptoms of crabs
Definition
itching
Term
treament of crabs
Definition
least contagious
Term
sheets are considered what with crabs
Definition
hot
Term
can you massage with crabs
Definition
contraindication
Term
fungal infections of skin is also called
Definition
mycoses
Term
another name for mycoses is
Definition
dermatophytosis
Term
dermatophytosis likes to live
Definition
warm moist places like skin folds, between toes and around groin area
Term
fungal infects what type of people
Definition
with low immune system
Term
fungal infections are transmitted by
Definition
touch, skin to skin, skin to anything that has fungus on it
Term
how long does lesions take to show up
Definition
4-14 days
Term
another name of ringworm
Definition
tinea corposis
Term
body ringworm is very
Definition
contagious
Term
what does body ring worm look like
Definition
round, red, scaly, itchy patch
Term
how is body ring worm spread
Definition
by scratching it
Term
healing process for body ring worm
Definition
starts in the center with a red ring around it
Term
another name of head ringworm
Definition
tinea capitis
Term
head ringworm is found
Definition
around the scalp
Term
lesions are
Definition
itchy and flaky
Term
head ringworm is also
Definition
contagious
Term
another name for athletes foot
Definition
tinea pedis
Term
athletes foot is found
Definition
between toes
Term
athletes foot likes to grow in
Definition
warm, dark, moist areas
Term
symptoms of athletes foot
Definition
burning, itching, blisters, cracking/peeling skin
Term
another name for jock itch
Definition
tinea cruris
Term
jock itch can be found in other places like
Definition
upper thigh and buttock
Term
jock itch is causes by
Definition
yeast infections
Term
another name for ringworm
Definition
tinea manus
Term
tinea barbae affects whats
Definition
beard area of the face
Term
you get tinea versicolor by what
Definition
sand in the caribbean
Term
tinea unguim also known as
Definition
onychomycosis
Term
tinea unguim is found where
Definition
skin under fingernails and toenails
Term
treatment of all fungus is
Definition
external/internal fungicides
Term
can you massage with fungal infection?
Definition
local contraindications
Term
a viral infection caused by cold sores or fever blisters around mouth or blisters around genitals, thigh, buttock
Definition
herpes simplex
Term
up to ____% of sexually active adults may carry genital herpes
Definition
60
Term
oral herpes is transmitted by
Definition
oral or respiratory secretions
Term
genital herpes is transmitted by
Definition
genital mucous secretion during any skin to skin contact
Term
persons first outbreak of herpes simplex is _______ days after exposure
Definition
2-20
Term
is herpes simplex eliminated from the body
Definition
no
Term
herpes can lay dormant until something triggers it like
Definition
fever, systemic infection, sunburn,s tress, periods, etc
Term
touching a cold sore then wiping eyes can cause
Definition
herpes of cornea
Term
herpes witlow is an outbreak of lesions around
Definition
mail beds
Term
herpes gladiatorum is from the
Definition
athletic mats in wrestling
Term
herpes outbreaks may be accompanied by
Definition
fever,muscle ache, swelling, and painful urination
Term
herpes has no
Definition
cure
Term
are you able to massage with acute outbreak of herpes
Definition
no
Term
if herpes is scabbed over can you massage
Definition
local contraindication
Term
another name ofor boil
Definition
furuncle
Term
boils are causes by
Definition
staphylococci
Term
boils infect what of the skin
Definition
sebaceous glands
Term
cluster of boils
Definition
carbuncle
Term
boils happen mostly in
Definition
the hair follicle area
Term
treatment of a boil is to
Definition
use warm compresses or lancing it
Term
can you massage if they have boils?
Definition
yes but stay away of the area
sheets are hot
Term
streptococcal infection of the cells in the skin
Definition
cellulitis
Term
streptococcus enters the body through
Definition
cuts,scratches,bites,surgery, athletes foot
Term
signs and symptoms of streptococcus
Definition
skin red, swollen, tender, red streaks toward nearest lymph nodes
Term
treatment of strep
Definition
oral or iv antibiotics
Term
can you massage if they have streptoccous
Definition
no
Term
erysipelas is one variety of
Definition
cellulitis
Term
erysipelas looks like a _____similar to what is seen in lupus
Definition
butterfly rash
Term
hallmark appearance of erysipelas is
Definition
sharp margins between involved and uninvolved skin
Term
if erysipelas is left untreated infection will enter
Definition
lymphatic and circulatory system leading to death septicemia or blood poisoning
Term
treatment of erysipelas is
Definition
PCN but maybe changed during tx
Term
able to massage if they have erysipelas
Definition
systemically contraindicates massage till sighns of infection has been eradicated
Term
small benign neoplasms
Definition
warts
Term
warts effects what type of people
Definition
teenagers the most with weak immune systems
Term
warts can be contagious if the margins are
Definition
rough
Term
in a healthy person warts can go away in
Definition
1 year
Term
signs of warts are
Definition
hard cauliflower-shaped growths on the skin
Term
treatment of warts is
Definition
salicylic acid, freezing, laser, injections
Term
can you massage if they have warts
Definition
local contraindication
Term
idiopathic chronic skin condition seen mostly in fair skinned people
Definition
acne rosacea
Term
acne rosacea happens between ages
found where on body
Definition
30-60
face nose cheeks
Term
acne rosacea can be
triggered by
Definition
permanent
sunlight wind cold hot drinks alcohol menopause etc
Term
4 stages of acne rosacea
Definition
facial flushing
vascular rosacea
inflammatory rosacea
rhinophyma
Term
acne rosacea can cause
Definition
depression and anxiety
Term
Tx of acne rosacea
Definition
no cure
Term
can u massage acne rosacea
Definition
local contraindication
Term
localized skin infections that appear on face neck and upper back
Definition
acne vulgaris
Term
who gets acne vulgaris
Definition
adolescence with hormone level changes
Term
five factors of acne vulgaris
Definition
testosterone production
bacterial activity
stress
liver congestion
hormonal imbalace
Term
s/s of acne vulgaris
Definition
pimples
cysts
black heads
white heads
Term
tx of acne vulgaris
Definition
diet
dont touch face
no popping
steroids
antibiotics
Term
can you massage acne vulgaris
Definition
no
Term
a hypersensitivity reactin in the skin
Definition
dermatitis and eczema
Term
causes of eczema
Definition
no single factor
deficiency of fatty acids
high levels of immunoglobulin E
Term
flaky dry skin in the creases of the knee, elbows,hands, and side of nose
Definition
atopic dermatitis
Term
yellowis oily patches around the nose and scalp
Definition
seborrheic eczema
Term
blisters on the hands and feet
Definition
dyshidrosis
Term
small circular lesions on the legs and butt
Definition
nummalar eczema
Term
work with substance that finally causes skin damage once irritant removed dermatitis goes away
Definition
irritant contact dermatitis
Term
skin has an allergic reaction to something
Definition
allergic contact dermatitis
Term
s/s of contact dermatitis
Definition
locally red,swollen, itchy or tenderness occurs and itchiness
Term
dermatitis and eczema can become worse when
Definition
the itch has been scratched and becomes more itchy and susceptible to infections
Term
tx of dermatitis
Definition
hydration of skin
corticosteroid cream
Term
can u massage dermatitis
Definition
if sysmptoms mild local contraindicated
Term
benign skin growth often found with mature adults
Definition
seborrheic keratosis
Term
cause of seborrheic keratosis
Definition
hyperproliferation of epithelial cells
Term
seborrheic keratosis is found where
Definition
body has been exposed to sun
Term
s/s of seborrhic keratosis
Definition
appear soft light or dark brown spots on become darker and develop warty appearance
Term
seborrheic keratosis is found where
Definition
trunk face or scalp
Term
tx of seborrheic keratosis
Definition
no
Term
can u massage seborrheic keratosis
Definition
local contraindication
Term
uncontrolled replication of cells into tumors
Definition
skin CA
Term
people at risk for skin CA
Definition
pale skin
lives in a place with lots of sun
lot of time outside
immune suppressed
lifetime of exposure
Term
what triggers skin CA
Definition
UV radiation, genetic predisposition,other hazards
Term
other increase risk of skin CA
Definition
burns
chronic skin inflammation/injury
immunosuppressant drughs
Term
skin CA is considered ____ CA
Definition
#1
Term
precancerous lesions
Definition
actinic keratosis
Term
s/s of actinic keratosis
Definition
brown red scaly lesion
appears on forehead
forms crust and not heal well
crust falls off and forms over again
Term
tx of actinic keratosis
Definition
freeze off
topical ointment
Term
can u massage actinic keratosis
Definition
yes not considered contraindication
Term
most common skin cancer
Definition
basal cell
Term
basal cell CA is slow growing ___
Definition
tumor of epithelial cells of epidermis
Term
basal cell CA found mostly
Definition
face, bridge of nose or eyebrow
Term
tx of basal cell
Definition
cut off
freeze off
radiation
Term
can u massage basal cell
Definition
local contraindication
Term
malignancy of keratinocytes in the epidermis
Definition
squamous cell carcinoma
Term
squamous cell can be found
Definition
anywhere epidermis grows
Term
squamous cell starts out looking like
Definition
hard firm lump/wart that never heals
Term
tx of squamous cell
Definition
frozen
excised
Term
can u massage squamous cell
Definition
use judgement
Term
this skin CA is leading cause of death
it replicates melanocytes
Definition
malignant melanoma
Term
s/s of malignant melanoma
Definition
most of time starts from a preexisting mole
Term
list the diagnostic features of melanoma
ABCDE
Definition
asymmetrical
border
color
diameter
elevated
Term
tx of melanoma
Definition
excision
radiation/chemo
Term
if cancer is terminal massage can be
Definition
valuable
Term
if burns severe enough skin will not
Definition
provide shield
maintain temperatuire
provide protection
all this leads
Term
Tx for first/second degree burns
Definition
lotions/antibiotic creams
Term
tx for third degree burns
Definition
cleaning / debridement
Term
can you massage burns
Definition
may massage mild sunburn if not painful and scar massage but only under doctors orders
Term
bedsores, pressure sores, tropic ulcers d/t chronic inadequate blood flow
Definition
decubitus ulcers
Term
s/s of ulcers
Definition
change in skin temp
redness
pain and itching
purplish color
Term
tx of ulcers
Definition
depends on stage and location
Term
can u massage ulcers
Definition
it is local contraindication
good preentative measure
Term
scar overflow resulting in a permancent raised mass of tissue
Definition
keloid scar
Term
collagenous scar tissue differs from normal skin by
Definition
fewer blood vessels
missing hair
no epidermis covers it
Term
tx of scar tissue
Definition
cortisone injection
liquid nitrogen
laser
skin grafting
Term
A bacterial infection caused by strep and staph
Definition
impetigo
Term
impetigo effects what age group
Definition
kids
Term
impetigo is found mostly
Definition
around nose mouth ear canals
Term
s/s of impetigo
Definition
blisters or pustules filled with clear or merky fluid
Term
tx of impetigo
Definition
topicla antibiotics or oral
Term
massage impetigo
Definition
no
sheets are hot
Term
dry skin
Definition
ichthyosis
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