Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, inhibits dephos of bactoprenol which transfers peptidoglycan subunits to the cell wall (cell wall synth)
Decreases concentration of Staph, suppresses infection of wounds, and can be dissolved in saline to irrigate joints or pleural cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, binds the 50S ribosome subunit. Works against Propionibacterium acnes (acne infection).
Adv effects of skin irritation or bloody diarrhea/pseudomembraneous colitis (rare, due to systemic absorption) |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, binds the 50S ribosome subunit. Eliminates P. acnes.
Resistance by active efflux of drug, enzyme inactivation, or mod of receptor binding site.
Adv effects: development of resistant bac, skin reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, binds to 30S sub of ribosome
Effective against Gm- bac, especially Pseudomonas and also Staph and Strep. Treats infected wounds, burns, and IV cath infections.
Not for widespread use. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, forms stationary ion channels through the cell mem of susceptible bac.
Topical admin for some bac. |
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Term
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Definition
Kills Demodex brevis (paracitic face mite). Causes loss of DNA helical structure and strand breakage. Also inhibits neutrophil function (anti-inflammatory, Rx rosacea).
Adv effects: skin rxns, avoid eyes, dont give in pregnancy. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, inhibits isoleucyl tRNA synthase. Treats Staph skin infections and nasal carriage (effective against MRSA).
Resistance due to point mutations of target enzyme (low level) or plasma encoded alternate enzyme (high level)
Used only in small areas to avoid development of resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, binds to 30S subunit of ribosome.
Effective against Gm- bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter). Treats infected surfaces.
Can cause cross-sensitivity to other drugs. Not for widespread use. |
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Term
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Definition
Antibiotic, inhibits PABA (an int in bac folate synth) utilization. Effective against P. acnes.
Adv effects: local rxn, sulfur allergy. |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral, Anti herpes. Oral/topical
Requires phos by viral thymidine kinase to become active. Also some anti-VZV effect (10x less potent)
Irreversibly binds viral DNA template during replication and causes termination.
Resistance: mutated thymidine kinase, mutated DNA Pol, low levels of thymidine kinase
Adverse effects: renal tox (crystallopathy if not well hydrated and given IV), neurotox (IV admin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Antiviral, topical cream treats herpes infection. Inhibits fusion of viral membrane with host cell (preventing entry of virus) |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral, Anti-herpes
Topical admin
For recurrent herpes labalis infection
Adv effect: application site rxn |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral, treats genital warts, topical admin. Also treats primary basal cell carcinoma.
Stimulates release of IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-1, 6, and 8.
Adv effect: local rxn, fatigue, flu-like symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
Macrolide Immunosuppressant, forms complex with FK506 bp and inhibits calcineurin. Treats atopic dermatitis
Adv effects: burning sensation on application with prolonged use, Black Box warning b/c of teratogenic effects in animals
Do not use with occlusive dressings |
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Term
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Definition
Macrolide immunosupppressant, forms complex with FK506 bp and inhibits calcineurin. Treats atopic dermatitis.
Adv effects: burning sensation on application with prolonged use, Black Box warning b/c of teratogenic effects in animals
Don't use with occlusive dressings |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits tyrosinase, blocking the formation of melanin, causes temporary lightening of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits tyrosinase, blocking the formation of melanin, causes irreversible depigmentation due to death of melanocytes.
Adv effects: depigmentation of sites distant from area of application |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits tyrosinase, blocking the formation of melanin, causes temporary lightening of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
For repigmentation. Oral and topical admin. Photoactivation by two mechanisms: Type 1 (O2 independent addition to pyrimidine bases) and Type 2 (O2 dependent creation of radical oxygen species) Stimulates melanocyte pigmentation and anti-inflammatory.
Treats vitiligo (requires many treatments)
Adv effects: GI and CNS disturbances, bronchoconstriction, CHF, photoaging, skin cancer |
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Term
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Definition
For repigmentation. Oral and topical admin. Photoactivation by two mechanisms: Type 1 (O2 independent addition to pyrimidine bases) and Type 2 (O2 dependent creation of radical oxygen species) Stimulates melanocyte pigmentation and anti-inflammatory.
Treats psoriasis vitiligo (both require many treatments). Also treats T-Cell Leukemia by Extracorporeal Photopheresis (blood has drug added, exposed to light, then returned to Pt)
Adv effects: GI and CNS disturbances, bronchoconstriction, CHF, photoaging, skin cancer. |
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Term
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Definition
Acne medication (retinoid), Reduces hyperkeratinization that leads to microcomedone formation, the
initial lesion of acne. Requires several months of therapy |
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Term
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Definition
Acne treatment (retinoid), Reduces hyperkeratinization that leads to microcomedone formation, the
initial lesion of acne.
Requires several months of therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
Retinoid, treats moderate-severe acne vulgaris. Normalizes keratinization in sebaceous follicle, decr sebum synth, decr P. acnes. High doses treat skin cancer.
Adv effects: Can cause cheilosis and dry mucus membranes
DONT give in pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
Retinoid, treats acne and psoriasis (along with corticosteroids) Effective in some basal cell carcinomas.
Adv effects: skin irritation |
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Term
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Definition
| Antimbac against P. acnes and inhibits testosterone conversion to DHT. Tx for acne vulgaris and acne rosacea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tx for acne, releases free radicals which oxidize bac proteins in sebaceous glands. Enters skin unchanged then is converted to active benzoic acid. |
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Term
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Definition
Retinoid (blocks retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and Retinoid X Receptor (RXR), treats psoriasis, needs 3-6 months of therapy.
Adv effects: dry skin and mucus mem, hair thinning |
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Term
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Definition
Fusion protein consisting of the extracellular CD2-binding portion of the (LFA-3) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG. Blocks CD2 receptor preventing psoriasis associated activation of T-cells.
Treats moderate-severe plaque psoriasis.
Adv effects: incr risk of malignancy, lymphopenia. CD4 T-Cell levels should be monitored. |
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Term
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Definition
Recombinant IgG antibody, blocks LFA-1 on T-Cell, blocking its interaction with the APC and preventing T-cell activation.
Treatment of Psoriasis.
Adv effects: thrombocytopenia, rebound psoriasis on discontinuation. |
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Term
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Definition
Vitamin D analog. Similar effects as the retinoids. Treatment of psoriasis.
Adv effects: hypocalcemia and hypercalciurea. |
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Term
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Definition
| TNF inhibitor for treatment of psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
| TNF inhibitor for treatment of psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
| TNF inhibitor for treatment of psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
Treatment of moderate-severe psoriasis and a lot of other skin conditions including cutaneus T-Cell lymphoma.
Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase, blocking DNA synthesis and repair. |
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Term
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Definition
| Treatment of psoriasis and other inflammatory skin disorders. Purine antimetabolite: converted to mercaptopurine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tx of Psoriasis. Calcineurin inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
| Tx of psoriasis and auto-immune blistering disorders. Inhibits inosine monophosphate deH which is involved in de novo guanosine synth. Inhibits B and T cell prolif since they are dependent on de novo synth path |
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Term
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Definition
Antipuretic, good alternative to topical corticosteroids. Treats psoriasis, dermatitis, and lichen simplex chronicus.
Avoid use in acute dermatitis with vesiculation and swelling. |
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Term
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Definition
Keratolytic compound, MOA poorly understood. May solubilize cell surface proteins that keep the stratum corneum intact resulting in desquamation.
Adv effects: salicylism in children, not good for extremities of diabetics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Keratolytic agent, increases water content of the stratum corneum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Causes alterations in keratin leading to increased solubilization, increased water content of the stratum corneum, and keratolytic effects. |
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Term
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Definition
Binds to microtubules of mitotic spindle causing cytotoxic effect. Effective against condyloma acuminatum (Genital warts). Should be washed off 2-3 hours after application.
Adv effects: excessive application can cause muscle weakness, neuropathy, coma , and death. Dont give if pregnant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits thymidylate synthase. Treats acne keratitis. Must avoid excessive exposure to sunlight while taking it. |
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Term
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Definition
Induces type 2 photochemical rxn causing formation of radical oxygen species.
Treats precancerous actinic keratosis, acne, and thin non-melanoma skin cancers.
MUST avoid sunlight or bright indoor lights for at least 40 hours after application. |
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Term
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Definition
Induces type 2 photochemical rxn causing formation of radical oxygen species.
Treats precancerous actinic keratosis, acne, and thin non-melanoma skin cancers.
MUST avoid sunlight or bright indoor lights for at least 40 hours after application. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits histone deacetylase enzymes, inhibiting gene expression, blocking cell growth and activating apoptosis.
Treats persistent T-cell lymphoma.
Adv effects: pulm edema, DVT, anemia |
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Term
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Definition
Alkylating Agent, converted to active nitrogen mustard that forms a bridge between 2 strands of DNA and blocks transcription and translation
MOR: incr activity of enzymes that reseal DNA strand breaks.
Toxicity: nephrotoxic, hemorrhagic, permanent amenorrhea and azoospermia, can cause leukemia, cardiotoxic, bladder toxic.
Antidote is Mesna |
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Term
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Definition
Diptheria toxin fragment bound to IL-2. Binds IL-2 receptor on T-cell and is internalized and blocks protein synthesis through interaction with EF2. Induces apoptosis.
Useful in cutaneus T-Cell lymphoma where >20% of cells express CD25
Adv effects: hypersensitivity rxn |
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Term
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Definition
| Treats Kaposi's sarcoma and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Treats warts and Kaposi's sarcoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Treats Leprosy and autoimmune skin conditions. Antagonist of PABA and folic acid synthesis of M. leprae. Also anti-inflammatory |
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Term
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Definition
Treats multiple myeloma and cutaneous manifestations of leprosy.
NOT for pregnancy, women of childbearing age. Must go through special STEPS program to admin. |
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Term
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Definition
Active component of hot chili peppers. Stimulates and desensitizes Vanilloid Receptor (Gated channel activated by noxious stimuli). Causes depletion of Substance P.
Used to treat post-theraputic neuralgia and pain of diabetic neuropathy.
Dont give in cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. |
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