Term
|
Definition
S. pyogenes and S. aureues usually.
Fungal Infection of dermis & subcutaneous tissues.
Parenteral implantation.
Pain, fever, swelling, warmth. Lymphangitis.
Oral or IV antibiotic, surgery.
No prevention.
Immunocompromised at risk. |
|
|
Term
| Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome. (SSSS) |
|
Definition
Staph. aureus.
Bacterial.
Direct contact, droplet contact.
Blistering and peeling of outter skin.
Bullous lesions, desquamation.
TOXIN-exfoliative.
Immediate systemic antibiotics.
Elimnate carriers in contact with neonates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clostridium perfringens.
Bacterial.
Soil, endogenous transfer from skin, GI tract, repro tract.
Pain, edema, bloody exudate, fever, tachcardia, black tissue w/ gas bubbles.
Localized or diffused(myonecrosis-toxins spread).
Antibiotics, surgical removement, O2 therapy.
Clean wounds, debride dead tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Strep. pyogenes(all cases),
Bacteria, Direct or indirect contact, Lesions, Peeling, Flaky skin, Topical & oral antibiotics, Hygiene practices.
Seen more often in older children & adults w/ Staph. aureus. More with infants w/ Strep. pyogenes. |
|
|
Term
Hansen's Disease
(Leprosy) |
|
Definition
Mycobacterium leprae (Bacterial).
Possible direct or droplet contact, mechanical vector.
TL-skin lesions, nerve damage(loss of sens.), treatable.
LL-Lepromas(thickening in areas of skin), loss of sens., disfigurement.
Borderline L- Between TL and LL. Severity depends on immune competence. Most severe loss of control of extremities & muscle atrophy, and disfigurement.
Multidrug treatment.
Isolation of infected, chemoprophylaxis of contacts. |
|
|
Term
Chickenpox
(Vesticular rash) |
|
Definition
Viral.
Droplet contact, inhalation of aerosolized lesion fluid.
No fever, superficial lesions.
Supportive car in uncomplicated cases. Acyclovir for high risk.
Live attenuated vaccine. Preg.-VACCINE! |
|
|
Term
Shingles
(Vesticular rash) |
|
Definition
Re-emergence of Chickenpox virus.
Dermatomes, many stimuli, pain, rash. |
|
|
Term
Smallpox
(Vesticular rash) |
|
Definition
Variola Virus.
Droplet contact, indirect contact.
Fever precedes rash, rash starts in pharynx, then face, then extremities, (more on extremities than trunk).
No treatment.
Live virus vaccine. |
|
|
Term
Measles (Rubeola)
(Masculopapular rash) |
|
Definition
Viral.
Droplet contact, respiratory trans.
Initially sore throat, dry cough, headache, conjunctivitis, lymphadenitis, fever. Koplik's spots.
No antivirals, vitamin A. Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections.
MMR(Live attenuated vaccine)
*Complications, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) Neurological degeneration. Destroys neurons and accessory cells, myelin breakdown. Coma/Death in months to years. |
|
|
Term
Rubella, German or 3-Day Measles.
(Maculopapular) |
|
Definition
Viral-Rubella virus.
Respiratory droplet contact, vertical transmission.
Milder red rash lasting 3 days.
Supportive care.
MMR(Live attenuated) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Malaise, mild fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy.
Rash of pink macules and papules first on face, then move down.
Resolves in about 3 days. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Teratogenic.-Most severe in 1st trimester, miscarriage or permanent defects(deafness, cardiac, ocular lesions, mental and physical retardation).
Stops mitosis-Induces apoptosis.
Damages vascular endothelium-poor organ development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Viral.
Direct contact, fomites, indirect contact.
Wart.
Usually no treatment needed. Salicylic acid, adhesive tape, drugs, cryosurgery.
Can always grow back.
Avoid contact.
Benign-Rarely malignant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bacterial and Viral infection.
Direct, indirect contact.
Infalammation, discharge, mild pain, photophobia.
Topical or oral antibiotic.
Avoid contact. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vertical transmission. (During birth)
inflammation, discharge, mild pain, photophobia.
Topical and oral antibiotics.
Screen mothers, apply silver nitrate to newborn eyes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chlamydia trachomatis(Bacterial)
-Intracellular.
Contact, fomites, fleas.
Inflammation of conjunctiva, infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages (rough appearance of eye).
Pannus-Inflammatory
Blindness.
Oral and topical antibiotics.
Hygiene, vector control, prompt treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parasite infection. (Helminth.
Onchocerca-Parasite contains bacteria that contributes to infection.
Black fly is vector.
Worms often visible in eye. Rash can last for years.
Rash that can last for years.
Antiparasitic.
Avoid black flies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Viral Infection.
Spread by contact, fomites.
Lesions for smooth, waxy nodules, may be indented, milky fluid.
Usually no treatment, although can remove lesions and use topical cream.
Avoid Contact. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bacterial infection.
Direct contact with endospores.
Papule become escher.
Untreated cases can be fatal(sepsis).
Antibiotics.
Vaccine available but not widely used. Avoid contact.
Bioterrorism 2001. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fungal infection mycosis)-dermatophytes.
Contact, soil.
Scalp- hair loss, common in children.
Beard- unhygienic barbers.
Body- from humans, animals, soil, fomites; mild to pustular.
Groin- atheletes, close quarters.
Foot- athlete's foot, jungle rot.
Hand- usually along w/ foot infection.
Nails- thickening, darkening of nails (fake nails).
Topical antifungal ointment.
Avoid contact w/ dermatophytes (impractical). |
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