Term
| What is the difference between the pelvic girdle and the bony pelvis? |
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Definition
| the pelvic girdle is just two hip bones while the bony pelvis is the two hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx |
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Term
| What is included in the articulate lower extremity? |
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Definition
| the pelvic girdle, femur, patella, tibia & fibula, and tarsals, metatarsals, & phalanges |
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Term
| What is included in the bony pelvis? |
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Definition
| two hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx |
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Term
| How is the bony pelvis formed? |
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Definition
| the two hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints, while the coccyx is attached to all the bones by strong ligaments |
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Term
| How is the pelvic girdle different from the pectoral girdle? |
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Definition
| the joints of the pelvic girdle provide for far less mobility than the pectoral girdle, but allow for far more stability |
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Term
| What is the hip bone made of? |
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Definition
| 3 fused bones called the ilium, ischium, and pubis |
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Term
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Definition
| the area where all 3 fused hip bones meets and forms the socket of the ball and socket hip joint |
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Term
| Why is the acetabulum such a deep socket? |
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Definition
| it makes it more stable than the shoulder while still allowing for mobility |
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Term
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Definition
| the superior ridge of the ilium bone connecting anterior to posterior the ASIS and the AIIS |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the sciactic notch? |
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Definition
| it forms a foramen with other ligaments for the sciatic nerve to exit the pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| the "wing" that forms most of the ilium |
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Term
| How is the lesser sciatic notch different from the greater sciatic notch? |
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Definition
| the lesser sciatic notch is separated from the greater sciatic notch by the ischial spine |
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Term
| Where and what is the ischial tuberosity? |
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Definition
| it is the rounded inferior side of the ischium that serves as major attachment sites for the hamstring muscle in the thigh (the bone you sit on) |
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Term
| Where and what is the ischial body? |
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Definition
| the superior body area adjoining the ilium outside the rim of the acetabulum |
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Term
| Where and what is the ischial ramus? |
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Definition
| projections of the bone from the ischial tuberosities to connect to its cousin, the pubic bone's inferior ramus |
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Term
| Where and what is the pubis body? |
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Definition
| the anterior flattened section where the pubic symphisis separates the inferior and superior pubic rami |
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Term
Identify the ilium.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the ischium.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the pubis.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the anterior/superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the anterior/inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the iliac crest, greater & lesser sciatic notch, and the ala.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the ischial tuberosity, ischial body, ischial ramus, and the pubis body
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the significance of the articular surface of the pubis? |
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Definition
| it is where right and left hip bones articulate to form a pubic symphisis |
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Term
| What is the significance of the pubic tubercle? |
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Definition
| it serves as an attachment for the rectus abdominus muscles |
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Term
| Where and what is the iliac fossa? |
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Definition
| the entire medial surface of the ala from the lateral view that houses a major muscle of hip flexion called the iliacus |
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Term
| What is the auricular surface? |
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Definition
| an ear-shaped roughened surface which joins the auricular surface of the lateral sacrum to make the sacroiliac joint |
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Term
| What is the obturator foramen and what is its function? |
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Definition
| a bony hole made by the bony pelvis and the ischium which contains a membrane which creates a surface area for hip muscles to anchor on to |
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Term
Identify the articular surface, pubic tubercle, and body of ilium.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the iliac fossa, auricular surface, and obturator foramen.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some differences between male and female pelvises? |
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Definition
women: tilted forward, thinner & lighter, smaller & farther apart, broad pelvic arch, flared iliac region
men: tilted less far forward, heavier & thicker, larger & closer together, acute pelvic arch, smaller iliac region |
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Term
| What is the purpose of women's hips being broad and thinner and lighter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main difference between the articulated lower and upper extremities? |
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Definition
| the lower body is more for stability and support while the upper body is more for mobility and reaching & grasping |
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Term
| Where and what is the linea aspera? |
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Definition
| a ridge located on the posterior side of the humerus in which nerves and blood vessels traverse |
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Term
| Where and what is the fovea capitalis? |
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Definition
| a divet on the head of the femur that is the site of attachment for a ligament which supplies the head of the femur with blood |
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Term
| What is the head of the femur? |
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Definition
| the area of the femur that is located deep within the acetabulum of the hip joint |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the greater & lesser trochanter? |
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Definition
| they are connected anteriorly and posteriorly by the intertrochanteric crest and they both serve as attachment sites for the hip joint |
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Term
| What is the patellar surface? |
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Definition
| it is where the posterior base of the patella articulates and it glides superiorly/inferiorly |
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Term
| Where and what is the intercondylar fossa? |
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Definition
| on the posterior side of the femur where the condyles are seen to be quite large compared to the anterior view |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the adductor tubercle? |
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Definition
| serves as a distal attachment site for the largest adductor muscle |
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Term
Identify the humerus.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the linea aspera, fovea capitalis, head, and the greater trochanter.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the lesser trochanter, patellar surface, intercondylar fossa, and adductor tubercle.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two facets on the patella? |
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Definition
| the larger medial facet and the smaller medial facet |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the medial facets on the patella? |
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Definition
| they serve as sites for articulating with medial and lateral condyles of the anterior femur |
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Term
Identify the patella.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| Which bone is the fibula? |
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Definition
| the lateral, smaller bone of the leg the proximal end of which articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia |
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Term
| What is the proximal tibiofibular joint? |
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Definition
| a joint formed by the articulation of the tibia and fibula |
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Term
| What is unique about the condyles of the tibia? |
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Definition
| they don't have a classic convex knuckle shape, they are concave in order to accept the rounded convex femoral condyles |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the intercondylar emminence? |
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Definition
| it deepens the surfaces of the condyles in order to add more stability to the knee joint |
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Term
| What is the tibial tuberosity? |
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Definition
| large oblong elevation on the proximal anterior tibia where the quadriceps muscle anchors to the leg |
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Term
| What is the ankle mortis? |
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Definition
| a rectangular socket formed by the lateral and medial malleoli that fits the dome shaped tallus bone |
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Term
| What is significant about the ankle joint? |
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Definition
| it is very stable due to strong interosseous membranes and several ligaments that allow for mobility in the sagittal plane |
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Term
| Which bone(s) articulate with the femur directly? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which bone is more important, the tibia or fibula? |
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Definition
| the tibia because it transfers all the weight bearing from the ground up to the femur |
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Term
| Is it more serious if the tibia or fibula breaks? |
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Definition
| the tibia because it supports all the weight |
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Term
Identify the tibia.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the fibula.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the proximal tibiofibular joint and the tibial condyles.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the intercondylar emminence, tibial tuberosity, and the ankle mortis.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What is classified as the hindfoot? |
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Definition
| the superiorly positioned talus and the inferiorly positioned calcaneus |
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Term
| What is the trochlea of the talus and what is its purpose? |
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Definition
| it is the "dome" of the talus and it articulates with the ankle mortis |
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Term
| What is the difference between the carpals and the tarsals? |
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Definition
| the carpals are in the wrist and there are 8 of them while the tarsals are in the ankle and there are only 7 of them |
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Term
| What are the names of the 7 tarsals? |
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Definition
| calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, lateral cuneiform, medial cuneiform, and medial cuneiform |
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Term
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Definition
| located anteriorly and distally to the talus, it looks like a sail |
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Term
| Describe the cuneiform bones. |
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Definition
| they articulate with the navicular bone posteriorly and with the metatarsals anteriorly |
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Term
| Describe the cuboid bone. |
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Definition
| it has 6 sides and articulates posteriorly with the calcaneus and anteriorly connects with the two lateral metatarsals |
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Term
| How do the phalanges of the toes differ from the phalanges of the fingers? |
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Definition
| they are a lot less mobile |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the natural arch formed by the metatarsals and connective tissue? |
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Definition
| it creates a natural spring designed to accept forces with every step we take and to distribute our weight across several tarsal bones and the calcaneus |
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Term
| Why is wearing high heels so bad for the foot? |
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Definition
| instead of evenly distributing all the weight across the foot, it focuses all of the weight on the joint between the metatarsal and proximal phalange of the big toe |
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Term
Locate the tarsals.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the metatarsals.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the phalanges.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the calcaneus.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the talus and the trochlea of the talus.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the navicular.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the cuboid.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Locate the lateral, intermediate, and medial cuneiform.
[image] |
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Definition
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