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| 275 AT BIRTH, 20 6 IN ADULTS, 18% OF BODY WEIGHT, SO BONES IN AXIAL SKELETON (SKULL AND BACKBONE) 126 IN APPENDICULAR SKELETON (ARMS,HANDS,LEGS,AND FEET. |
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1. provide frame work for body
2. provide attachment for muscles
3. protects interior organs
4. manifactures all the blood cells
5. stores calcium and phospharous |
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| structure of a typical long bone matrix - 25% water 25% praties, 50% mineral salts of Ca and P |
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| ends of the long bone with spongy or coancellous bone with red marrow for blood production - mostly ribs, long bones abd sternunum |
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| shaft of long bone made of compact bone strength, medullary canal with yellow marrow (fat) make blood in emergency lined with endosteum |
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| membrane surrounding the outside of the bone with blood vessels, nerves, attachment of tendons, and ligaments |
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| form bone cells, ostociast dissolve bone cells within lacunae within the harvestan system. thus bones are in a constant state of rebuilding and remodeling |
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in long bones beings in diaphsis then ephysistakes 25 years to complete starting with the scapula two types
1. fibrous membrane in facial bones.mandible, ciavicle
2. hyaline cartliage forms models of the most other bones that is slowly replaced by bone |
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| growth of bone length at epiphyseal cartilage plate - vitamin D is needed is obsurm calcium from nutrients along with growth and sex hormones affecting osteblast plate gets narrower with age, then finally disappears in adulthood at ~25 years |
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| study of pints-ligaments join bone to bone |
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| costal cartilage om robs betweem epiphysis and dahysis |
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| is a joint that binds the teeth to bony sockets (dental alveoli) in the maxillary bone and mandible |
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| bone bound together with ligament distal tibia, fibula |
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| public bone inter vertebral discs and vertebrae |
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| freely movable with hyaine cartilage covering the ends of the bone, synovial fluid with synovial sac for lubrication nutrients and shock absorber. ligaments holding the bones together and preventing excess movmenent. synovial membrane encapsulates entire joint |
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| carpals, tarsals, scapulal, clavical |
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| elbow, knee, between phalanges |
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| atlas/axis radius,unla (proximal) |
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| radius/carpals/tibia/tarsals |
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| saddle phallanges/metacarpals/metatarsals |
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| small sacs of snovial fluid for reducing friction or acting as a shock absorber between ligamants, tendons and bone synovial tendon shteats are tublar bursae surrounding tendons particularly in distal forarm` |
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