Term
| Function of Endoskeleton: |
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Definition
1. Support: 2.Protection: the skull protects brain 3. Movement: 4. Mineral Resevoir 5. Hemotopoiesis=blood cell formation, occurs in the red bone marrow. |
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Term
2 basic elements of skeleton |
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Definition
Cartilage: a mucoprotein matrix, resembles bone in that it is formed by chondrocytes in the lacunae. Bone: an organic matirx, mostly of collagen fibers, with deposited mineral salts, mostly calcium phosphate. |
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Term
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Definition
skull a.cranium b.face 2.Vertebral column 3.Ribs and sternum |
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Definition
Limbs Pectoral girdle Pelvic girdle |
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Term
| 4 classifications of Bones |
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Definition
long, humerus short, carpals flat, sternum irregular,vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| In very young, membrane covered spaces between the vones of the cranium, allow the skull to compress during birth, close by the end of one year of age. |
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Term
| Gross Anatomy of Long Bone |
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Definition
Shaft: Diaphysis Ends:proximal and distal epiphyses Hollow Interior of diaphysis: meduallary cavity, or marrow cavity |
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Term
What are two kinds of Marrow? |
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Definition
Yellow: largely fat, usually in central part Red Marrow: indicates active hemotopoiesis. occurs ar the ends of the cavity, and in the spongy bone in the epiphyses Endosteum: inside the marrow cavity,a thin connective tissue containing two types of cells: Osteoblasts=osteocytes Osteoclasts:dissolve bone by taking cal phos. and put into blood stream. |
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Term
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Definition
| IN growing bones the epiphyses are separated from the diaphysis by a plate of cartilage. This is an active growing area. Dissapears into epiphyseal line in adults. |
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Term
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Definition
| have no marrow cavity, only an interior of spongy bone containing red bone marrow. Interior space lined w. endosteum |
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Definition
| The outside of all bones is covered by double layer of tough fibrous CT/ |
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Term
| What makes up the Osteon=Haversian system |
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Definition
1. Central haversian canal: containing vessels an nerves. surrounded by concentric rings or layers of bone= 2. Lamellae. 3. Lacunae: small open spaces along the lamellae. 4. Osteocytes=osteoblasts 5. Canaliculi: small canals radiating out from the lacunae interconnect them all, osterocytes have small extension that fill these canals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Course through bone, communicate with the marrow cavity and the outside;contain arteries, veins and nerves. |
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Definition
| running at right angles to the nutrient canals and Haversian canals, interconnect them |
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Definition
| Like compact bone, but much less organixzed and without the concentric lamellae. Made up of thin trabeculae. |
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Term
| Intramembranous Ossification |
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Definition
Begins as a mass of undifferentiated mesodermal cells, which contain fibrocytes( now become osteoblasts) and collagen fibers. The osteoblasts deposit calcium phosphate salts in small quantities, forming small spicules of bone. Layers are continually added, until the osteoblast has completely surrouned itself and is now in a lacunae of its own making. |
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Definition
| How bone grows. Adds layers on greater curvature by osteoblasts, and dissolves bone on lesser curvature through osteoclasts. |
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Term
| Endochondral Ossification |
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Definition
| most bones form this way. cartilage or repacement bone. Begins with pre-existing bones formed of cartilage in the embryo. |
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Term
| What are the 3 centers of ossification of the long bone? |
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Definition
Primary: in the diaphysis, from outside in Secondaries: in each epiphysis, in center Cartilage epiphyseal plate:metaphysis transitional zone divides. |
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