Term
| Discuss the function of the skeletal system |
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Definition
a.) Fundamental to the maintance of an erect position
b.) Provides protection
c.) Provides support- suspension of upper limp by shoulder girdle
d.) Important in movement
e.) Formation of Red blood cells
f.) Storage area for Calcium, fat and phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
Thick layer of fibrous tissue on surface of bones
-two layers thick
-interconnect with the with fibers of
tendons/ligaments
-inner layer has cells that produce bone |
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Definition
smooth lubricating surface
no blood supply
degrades over time |
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Definition
below periosteum
thickest in shaft |
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Definition
spoongy bone
only in ends epiphysis |
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Definition
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Definition
| thin layer of osteoblastic cells found on the inner surface of the compact bone-responsible for deposit of new tissue on the inner surface of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
process of bone formation
intramembranous ossifcation-from connective tissue
endochondral ossification-from cartilage |
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Term
| Intramembranous ossification- |
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Definition
bones produced from fibrous membrane, only one growth site-which enlarges intil it reaches adult size
Skull |
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Term
| Cartilaginous/Intramembranous Ossification |
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Definition
more complex
model of future bone produced in hyalien cartilage
becomes calcified
blood vessels and boen forming cells invade and replace the calcified cartilage with bone
several sites
long bones |
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Term
| Describe the structure and function of the fontanels. |
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Definition
Are the soft spots on a young babies head( fibrous membrane only)- that allow head to be squished when being born and allow for rapid expansion of the brain as the child grows
-posterior fontanel is fused within 3 months
-anterior fontanel fused within 18 months |
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Term
The blood supply comes from
(in bones) |
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Definition
1. microscopic blood vessels in the deepest layer of the periosteum
2. a macroscopic nutrient artery goes through the periosteum to the marrow. Blood to epiphysis is usually separate from that to the diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| The paranasal sinuses are four cavities within the bones surrounding the nasal area- these are the frontal, sphenoidal ethmoidal, and maxillary sinuses. Lines by mucous membrane they become inflamed and block the drainage into the nasal cavity building up pressure causing a headache |
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Term
Intervertebral discs- located between adjacent vertebral bodies- rubbery fibro cartilage that provides flexibility and cushioning- 1/5 of the total vertebral column
-inner jelly like nuclease pulpous surrounded by an outer fibrous annuluis |
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Definition
Intervertebral discs- located between adjacent vertebral bodies- rubbery fibro cartilage that provides flexibility and cushioning- 1/5 of the total vertebral column
-inner jelly like nuclease pulpous surrounded by an outer fibrous annuluis |
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Term
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Definition
| TWo Os Coxae or innominate bones eahc which articulate with the sacroiliac joint |
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Definition
| where the two innominate discs meet anteriorly |
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Definition
| two hip bones plus sacrum and coccyx |
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Definition
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Definition
| in children-no clear cut separation just like bending the branch of a new tree |
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Definition
series of ligaments between adjacent laminae, highly elastic promotes the return of the vertebrae column to normal position from a position of flexion |
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Term
| Posterior/anterior lonituginal ligament |
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Definition
The 33 vertebrae are joined by a series of ligaments, preventing extensive extension and flexion of spine, the posterior/anterior lonituginal ligament- whiplash injuries |
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Definition
Supraspinous ligaments- extend over tips of spinous processes Thicken to form ligamentum nuchae or nuchal ligament for support of the head on the vertebral column |
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Definition
Capsular ligaments- support intervertebral joints at the articular facets |
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Definition
Sesamoid bones- bones that form within tendons |
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