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Definition
| Made of clavicle and scapula, hold upper limb. |
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| Formed by right and left hip bones (also made of ilium, ischium, and pubis), holds the lower limb, |
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| The skeletal parts are connected by fibrous tissue=dense regular connective tissue. These joints are either immobile or slightly mobile. (ex:sutures, syndesmosis) |
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| The bones are united by cartilage. The most common category is called symphysis, where fibrocartilage joins together the skeletal parts. Vertebral bodies are joined together by fibrocartilage in the intervertebral discs. (ex:pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints.) |
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| Are the most common and most moveable of joints. Rather than solid tissue between skeletal parts that restricts motion, synovial joints are characterized by a greater range of movement afforded by a joint cavity (space) inbetween the surfaces of the bones. The articular surfaces are free to move and can glide, spin, or roll on one another. |
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| The bones are joined together by an articular capsule (joint capsule) made of dense connective tissue. (part of synovial joint) |
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| The articular capsule encloses a space between the ends of the bones. (part of synovial joint) |
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Definition
| Lines the insides of the articular capsule- it produces synovial fluid, which occupies the joint cavity and lubricates the joint. (part of synovial joint) |
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Definition
| Lines the surface of bones within the joint. (part of synovial joint) |
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| Ligaments outside or inside the joint capsule stabilize the joint. (part of synovial joint) |
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| A few joints have an articular disc sandwiched between the ends of teh bones within the joint cavity. Articular discs are shelves of fibrocartilage that improve the fit of the bone surfaces and distribute forces more evenly within the joint. (ex: temporomandibular joint.) (this is part of synovial joint) |
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Definition
| Decreasing the angle between body parts. |
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Definition
| Increasing the angle between body parts. |
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Definition
| Moving a structure away from the midline of the body or a body part. Note the difference when using the term for limbs, fingers and toes. |
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| Moving a structure toward the midline of the body or a body part. |
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| Moving a limb so it circumscribes a cone shape in space. It combines flexion, extenion, abduction, and adduction. |
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| Moving a structure around an axis. In the case of the limbs, it's the long axis of the limb and it is described as either lateral (external) rotation or medial (internal) rotation. |
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Definition
| Moving a structure superiorly. Do this for your shoulders and your lower jaw. |
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| Moving structure inferiorly. |
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Definition
| Moving a structure anteriorly. Again, use your shoulders and lower jaw. |
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| Moving a structure posteriorly. |
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Definition
| In the forearm it is movement of the radius around the ulna such that the palm of the hand faces anterior. Soup in hand! |
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Definition
| In the forearm the palm of the hand is moved so it faces posterior. |
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| At the ankle joint- tilting the foot so that its upper surface is closer to the shin and the toes point up. |
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Definition
| At the ankle joint- tilting the foot so that its upper surface is farther from the shin and the toes point toward the ground. |
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Definition
| At the subtalar joint- moving the sole of the foot so it faces medial. |
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Definition
| At the subtalar joint- moving the sole of the foot so it faces lateral. |
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| At the first carpometacarpal joint- moving the thumb so that it can touch the tips of other fingers in the same hand. |
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Definition
| The articular surfaces are flat, so gliding movements can take place in any direction, but no rotation occurs. (ex: intercarpal joints) |
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Definition
| Movement occurs around only one axis and flexion and extenion are movements. (ex: articulation between the humerus and ulna) |
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Definition
| Movement occurs around only one axis and the axis is longitudinal along the shaft of a bone. (ex: articulation at humerus and radius) |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement is possible around two axes that lie perpendicular to one another. The articular surfaces are oval and complementary- one convex and one concave-like and egg in a spoon. (ex:between distal radius and first row of carpal bones at the wrist. |
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Definition
| Both articular surfaces have convex and concave surfaces- like saddles resting atop one another. (ex: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb) |
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Definition
| Movement is possible around many axes. The classic examples here are shoulder and hip joints in which one of the articular surfaces is ball shaped and the other is a cup-shaped socket. |
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Definition
| Are caused by excessive stretching or tearing of ligaments associated with the talocrural joint. |
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Definition
| The term used for a fracture of the femur at the hip joint. |
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Definition
| A condition in which the articulating surfaces of bones within joints are forced out of their normal position. |
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Term
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Definition
Torn Meniscus:
Cruciate and collateral Ligament tears
Unhappy triad |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common cause of knee pain in the adolescent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a deviation of the nucleus pulposus due to degeneration of the annulus fibrous, often in the lumbar region. |
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Definition
| Is an injury in which the clavicle separates from the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint. |
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