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Skeletal Muscles
Lab
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/18/2011

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Term
endomysium
Definition
layer of areolar connective tissue surrounding a single muscle fiber (myofiber)
contains nerves and blood capillaries
Term
myofiber
Definition
single muscle fiber
Term
perimysium
Definition
layer of collagen and elastic fibers surrounding bundles of muscle fibers
contains blood vessels and nerves
Term
fascicle
Definition
a bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium
Term
epimysium
Definition
layer of dense collagen fibers surrounding a group of fascicles
separates muscle from other muscles and contains blood vessels and nerves
Term
deep fascia
Definition
surrounds groups of muscles
Term
superficial fascia
Definition
(hypodermis) adipose and loose connective tissue
blood vessels and nerves, stores fat and h20, insulates and protection
Term
origin
Definition
point of attachment of skeletal muscle (immobile)
Term
insertion
Definition
point of attachment of skeletal muscle that is mobile
Term
direct attachment
Definition
deep fascia merges with periosteum of bones (appears to be directly attached)
Term
indirect attachment
Definition
collagen forms a tendon on the end of the bone and connects to the periosteum of bones
Term
aponeurosis
Definition
broad flat sheet of dense connective tissue that attaches to muscles
Term
axial
Definition
muscles of head, vertebral column, and ribs for breathing
Term
appendicular
Definition
limbs and pectoral and pelvic girdles
Term
parallel
Definition
fascicles are parallel to long axis (long and tapered at end)
Term
convergent
Definition
fan like muscles, broad at origin and taper to narrow insertion
Term
pennate
Definition
feather like manner connected to a tendon
unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate
Term
circular
Definition
fascicles that surround an opening
Term
frontalis
Definition
muscle of the forehead. wrinkles skin of forehead and raises eyebrows
Term
occipitalis
Definition
muscle on back of the head
pulls the skin posteriorly
Term
sternocleidomastoid
Definition
muscle on the sides of the neck
extend the head together
alone they turn the head opposite from contraction
Term
temporalis
Definition
muscle on the temple of the head
acts with masseter to raise and pull back mandible
Term
masseter
Definition
muscle on the sides of the jaw near the back
raises and pulls back the lower mandible
Term
orbicularis oris
Definition
muscle around the mouth
closes and protrudes the lips and pulls lips against teeth
Term
levator scapulae
Definition
muscle that connects skull/vertebrae to scapula
elevates and draws scapula medially. extends and flexes head
Term
splenius capitis
Definition
muscle that connects mid neck to skull
extends head when contracting together and rotates when contracting singly
Term
rhomboideus minor
Definition
small muscle connecting neck to top of scapula
elevates and helps the scapula rotate when adducting arm
Term
pectoralis minor
Definition
muscle that connects rib cage to scapula. under pectoralis major
depresses and abducts the scapula and stabilizes it
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates humerous
Term
serratus anterior
Definition
muscles that connect the ribs and the scapula. looks serrated.
abducts the scapula and rotates it upward. lifts ribs when scapula is fixed
Term
internal oblique
Definition
located on side of the body above hips
compresses the abdomen and rotates vertebrae
Term
external oblique
Definition
larger muscle on sides that extend higher than internal
compresses abdomen and rotates vertebrae
Term
rectus abdominis
Definition
actual abs
flexes lumbar region of vertebral column and compresses abdomen
Term
trapezius
Definition
muscle in the upper back that connects vertebral column and shoulder
elevates and adducts scapula, rotates scapula up/down, draws head back when shoulders are fixed
Term
Rhomboideus major
Definition
larger muscle connecting vertebrae to scapula
elevates and rotates scapula
Term
infraspinatus
Definition
muscle that connects interior of scapula with shoulder
laterally rotates and abducts arm at shoulder
Term
teres minor
Definition
small muscle stuck between intfraspinatus and teres major
laterally rotates extends and adducts the humerus at shoulder
Term
Teres major
Definition
muscle that connects below infraspinatus to front of humerus
assists in extending humerus, rotation and rotation of scapula.
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
muscle that connects from lower back (lumbodorsal fascia) to shoulder
extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder
Term
lumbodorsal fasci
Definition
connective tissue that is the origin of muscles in lower back
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