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Definition
| contains cranial and facial bones |
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Definition
| 8 bones: frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid |
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| anterior bone. forms forehead, superior part of orbit, anterior part of cranial floor. |
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| posterior and lateral to frontal bone. 2 bones. forms sides of cranium |
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| connection of 2 parietal bones |
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| connection of frontal and parietals |
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| inferior and lateral to parietal bones. |
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| connection of parietal and temporal |
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| bridgelike projection that joins with zygomatic bone (these two form zygomatic arch) |
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| needle-like projection inferior to external auditory meatus. attachment point for muscles and ligaments in neck. |
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| rough projection on temportal bone inferior |
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| opening medial to styloid process. juglar vein and cranial nerves pass through this. |
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| opening medial to styloid process. allows carotid artery to enter cranial cavity. just anterior to jugular foramen |
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| opening on posterior aspect of temporal bone allowing cranial nerves to pass. inner ear |
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| most posterior bone. forms front and back wall. joins the sphenoid anteriorly |
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| connection of parietal and occipital |
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| large opening in base of occipital that allows spinal cord to connect to brain |
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| rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the atlas |
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| bat-shaped bone forming a plateau across the width of skull. |
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| greater wings of sphenoid |
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Definition
| portions seen exteriorly on the lateral aspect of the skull. Form orbits of eye |
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| sella turcica/ Turk's saddle |
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| saddle-shaped region in sphenoid midline which encloses pituitary gland |
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| bat-shaped portion of sphenoid |
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| opening posterior to the sella turcica allows cranial nerve to pass |
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| small opening in orbital that allows the optic nerve |
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| large, long opening in back of orbit that allows some cranial nerves to pass into eye socket |
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| irregualrly shaped bone anterior to sphenoid. forms roof of the nasal cavity, upper nasal septum and part of medial orbit walls |
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| crista galli/ cock's comb |
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Definition
| vertical projection to which dura matter attaches |
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| bony plates lateral to crista galli through which olfactory fibers pass to the brain from nasal mucosa |
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| superior and middle nasal conchae (turbinates) |
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| thin delicately coiled plates of bone extending medially from the ethmoid into nasal cavity. function: increase surface area of mucosa that covers them, to increase its ability to warm and humidify incoming air |
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| lower jawbone. attached by freely moving joint. |
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| horizantal portion. forms chin |
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| verical extension of the body on either side |
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| alveolar margin of mandible |
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| superior margin of mandible, contains sockets for lower teeth |
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| 2 bones fused in a median suture. form upper jawbone and part of orbits. all facial bones except mandible connect to this bone. |
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| alveolar margin of maxillae |
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| inferior margin containing sockets (alveoli) in which teeth lie |
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| palatine process of maxillea |
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| for the anterior hard palate |
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| paired bones posterior to palatine processes. forms posterior hard palate and part of orbit |
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| lateral to maxillea. forms cheekbone and part of lateal orbit |
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| small bones forming part of medial orbit walls seraves as an opening that serves as a passageway for tears |
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| small bone forming bridge of nose |
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| blade-shaped bone in median plane of nasal cavity that forms most of nasal septum |
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| thin curved bones protruding medially from the lateral walls of nasal cavity. |
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| located in the throat above larynx. horse-shoe shaped. |
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| large verticle process located on the axis that acts as a pivot point for the atlas |
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| bone inferior to the lumbar vertebrae. formed by the fusion of 5 vertebrae |
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| similar to spinous processes of the fused vertebrae |
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| wings of the sacram. articulate laterally with the hip bones, forming the sacroiliac joints |
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| superior opening of vertebrae |
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| inferior opening of sacram |
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| small bone inferior to sacrum. 3-5 bones. tailbone |
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| consists of sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. aka thoracic cage |
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| aka breastbone. flat bone. fusion of three bones: manubrium, body, xiphoid process. |
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| looks like knot of a tie. atriculates with clavicle laterally |
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| inferior end of sternum. level of 5th intercostal space |
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| true (7), false (5) , floating (2) |
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| collerbone. slender doubly curved bone. attaches at medial end to manubrium and at lateral end to scapula. serves as a brace to hold arm away from top of thorax |
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| sholder blades. triangular with a flattened body |
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| enlarged end of spine of scapula. connects to clavicle |
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| pooints anteriorly over tip of should joint. helps anchor the upper limb muscles. |
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| socket that recieves the head of the humerus. |
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| typical long bone. head fits into glenoid cavity of scapula |
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| greater and lesser tubercles of humerus |
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Definition
| protrusions located opposite the head of the humerus that guide tendons of bicps muscle to its attachment to the superior aspect of the glenoid cavity. |
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| groove between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus |
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| a protrusion located midshaft where the deltoid (shoulder muscle) attaches |
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| distal and medial part of the humerus. looks like a spool. articulates with ulna. |
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| distal and lateral part of the humerus. articulates with the radius |
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| epicondyles of the humerus (medial and lateral) |
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| outside laterally and medially to the throchlea and capitulum |
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| above trochlea (anterior). allows for ulna to move freely when the elbow is flexed and extended. |
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| on the posterior surface of distal humerus. allows for ulna to move freely when the elbow is flexed and extended. |
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| lateral bone of the forearm |
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| membrane that holds the radius and ulna, and the fibula and tibia |
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| located below the head on the medial side of the radius. attachment of the biceps muscle |
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| medial bone of the forearm |
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| anterior process on the proximal end of ulna |
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| olecranon process of the ulna |
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Definition
| posterior process on the proximal end of the ulna |
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| seperates the coronoid process and olecranon process. |
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| a small protrusion off the head of the ulna that anchors some ligaments of the wrist |
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| wrist. proximal portion of the hand. consists of 8 bones called carpals |
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| the bones of the carpus. form 2 irregular rows and bond by ligaments that restrict movement between them |
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| make up the palm of the hand. 1-5 starting at the thumb. heads are distal |
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| 14 bones of the fingers/digits. numbered 1-5 from thumb. each has proximal, middle, distal except thumb (only proximal and distal) |
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| abnormal spinal curvature- to the side |
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| abnormal spinal curvature- overcurved in upper back |
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| abnormal spinal curvature- overcurved in the lumbar (lower back) region |
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| formed by the 2 coxal bones (aka ossa coxae) |
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| coxal bones and sacram and coccyx |
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| large flaring bone that forms most of the coxal bone. connects posteriorly to the sacram at the sacroiliac joint |
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| where the coxal bone (at iliam) connects to the sacram |
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| supperior margin of the iliac bone. connects to anteriro and posterior superior spines |
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| inferior portion of coxal bones. "sit-down" bone. |
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| indent where weight of body is received while sitting |
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| superior to ischial tuberosity |
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| where the sciatic nerve passes |
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| most anterior paro of coxal bone |
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| anterior and posterior protrusions enclosing the obturator foramen. |
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| opeing that allows for blood vessels and nerves from pelvic cavity to thigh |
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| joint that connects the two pubic bones anteriorly |
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| deep socket that receives the head of the thigh bone (femur) |
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| superior portion bounded by the ilia laterally and the sacrum and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly. supports the abdominal viscera. does not restrict child birth |
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| inferior region that is almost entirely surrounded by bone. posterior sacram, anterior and lateral ilia ischia and public bones |
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| superiormost margin of true pelvis. widest along frontal plate (right to left) |
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| inferior margin of true pelvis. bounded anteriorly by pubic bones, laterally by ischia, posteriorly by sacram and coccyx. widest part anterior to posterior |
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| thigh bone. heaviest and strongest bone of the body |
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| greater and lesser trochanters |
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| located at the junction of the shaft and neck |
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| located between the greater and lesser trochanters posteriorly |
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| ridge that is site of muscle attachments located on shaft of femur |
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| lateral and medial condyles of femur |
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| places of the articulation with tibia. located at distal, posterior end |
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| shinbone. larger and more medial bone of lower leg |
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| lateral and medial condyles of tibia |
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| at proximal end. articulate here with the femur. |
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| between medial and lateral condyles of the tibia. |
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| roughened protrusion on anterior tibial surface. attachment of patellar ligament |
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| located on tibia. inner bulge of the ankle. |
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| sharpened ridge of tibia. relatively uncovered by muscles. |
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| sticklike bone that runs parallel to tibia. stuck to tibia with interosseus membrane. no part of the knee joint. proximal head articulates with lateral condyle |
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| outer bulge of ankle. located on fibula |
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| 7 ankle bones. includes the two largest, the talus and calcaneus (heel of foot). |
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| 5 bones that make the sole of foot |
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| 14 bones that form the toes. all have 3 except the great toe |
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