Term
|
Definition
(closer to diastole-lower pressure)
Area under the pressure curve
(Diastolic pressure+pulse pressure)/3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| systolic pressuer-diastolic pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
found in kidneys and GI.
Total resistance is sum of individual resistances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most of cardio system
different flow across each resistance element
Pressure drop across each equal
resistance elements the sum as reciprocals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
precapillary smooth muscle, cyclical to create waves of blood flow to tissue
Flow longer when metabolic needs are hight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
characterized by endothelium in close contact.
transfer occurs by diffusion,
heart, skeletal muscle, skin, brain barriers |
|
|
Term
| capillary physical pressure (hydrostatic) |
|
Definition
| PHYSICAL force tending to push fluid OUT of the capillary |
|
|
Term
| interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure |
|
Definition
| PHYSICAL force tending to push fluid back INTO a capillary |
|
|
Term
| plasma colloid osmotic pressure |
|
Definition
| OSMOTIC force which tends to draw fluid back INTO the capillary |
|
|
Term
| interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure |
|
Definition
| OSMOTIC force acting to pull fluid OUT of the capillary |
|
|
Term
| Forces which favor fluid LOSS out of capillary |
|
Definition
capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
interstitial fluid osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| Forces which favor reabsorbtion back INTO capillary |
|
Definition
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (Pif)
capillary osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| Factors that contribute to edema |
|
Definition
increases capillary permeability (fluid OUT)
decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure (draws LESS fluid IN)
elevated capillary pressure (dilate arteries)
lmyphatic obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Local control element
Arteries have intrinsic property to maintain present vascular tone INDEPENDENT of neural activity |
|
|
Term
| Autoregulation of Blood Flow |
|
Definition
The ability of an organ to maintain constant blood flow despite large changes in perfusion pressure
(assuming metabolic needs are constant and there is NO neural influence)
Heart, kidneys, brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood flow increases after a period of blood flow restriction to make up for lost oxygen. Controlled at the level of the arterioles (independent of neural input) |
|
|
Term
| Active (functional) Hyperemia |
|
Definition
increase in blood flow in response to an increase in metabolic activity
Blood pressure constant
Increase in demand leads to an increase in flow |
|
|
Term
| interdependence with atelectasis |
|
Definition
| when the lung collapses the blood vessels do too. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atrial muscle depolarization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large deflection representing when the Purkinje fibers begin to activate the ventricular myocardium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| represents the depolarization of cells from the SA node to the AV node. Important measure of conduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| generated when the ventricles repolarize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brief isoelectric period when all regions of the myocardium are in plateau |
|
|
Term
| isovolumetric contraction |
|
Definition
| time it takes for ventricular pressure to exceed that in the great arteries. when ventricles are not emptying |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ventricular volume at the end of filling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ventricle volume at the end of systole (contraction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
volume of blood pumped into the aorta during one cardiac cycle
calculated as difference between EDV and ESV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first heart sound
The closing of the AV valves at the onset of ventricular systole (contraction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
second heart sound
Closure of the aortic pulmonary valves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vibration of the blood filling the ventricle during diastole (relaxation)
ventricular filling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atrial kick sound at the end of diastole
atrial contraction sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ability of the veins to store blood.
C=change in volume/change in pressure
veins hold 60-80% of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of P waves on ECG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| isovolumetric contraction |
|
Definition
Period of time it takes for the ventricular pressure to exceed that in the great arteries. ventricles are not emptying.
causes semilunar valves to open |
|
|
Term
| factors that increase with increasing preload |
|
Definition
| Cardiac output, stroke volume, contractile function, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flow is laminar
flowis through smooth cylindrical rigid tubes
flow is steady and constant
viscosity is constant |
|
|
Term
| Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome |
|
Definition
| congenital abnormality in which heart muscle makes an additional electrical connection between the atrium and ventricle. The ventricle may be excited prematurely changing the QRS pattern. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs when AV node is too quickly re-stimulated. leads to less calcium influx, smaller AP, slow conduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caused by impaired conduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
block in the bundles conducting cardiac impulses.
impulse goes through alternative pathway for ventricular depolarization
ventricular depolarization slow (WIDE QRS) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supraventricular tachycardia.
impulses take an abnormal path through atria
results in rapid, sometimes irregular heart rate
may cause blood to be pumped inefficiently |
|
|
