Term
| DEFINE TRANSITION MUTATION |
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Definition
| A MUTATION IN PURINE--> PURINE BASE OR A PYRAMIDINE TO PYRAMIDE |
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Term
| DEFINE TRANSVERSION MUTATION |
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Definition
| A MUTATION OF A PURINE TO A PYRAMIDINE OR VICE VERSA |
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Term
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Definition
| A MUTATION THAT CHANGES THE SEQUENCE TO A STOP CODON |
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Term
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Definition
| A MUTATION THAT CHANGES THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE |
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Term
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Definition
| A MUTATION THAT DOES NOT CHANGE THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE |
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Term
| NAME 3 STRUCTURAL FEATURES UNIQUE TO TRNA. |
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Definition
| ANTICODON, 3' CCA ACCEPTOR FOR AMINOACYLATION, NUCLEOSIDES ARE HIGHLY REGULATED, MANY NON-WATSON CRICK BAS PAIRS, 5' PHOSPHATE |
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Term
| DEFINE THE TERM REPRESSOR |
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Definition
| A PROTIEN THAT BINDS TO THE OPERATOR REGION OF DNA TO INHIBIT TRANSCRIPTION |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA SEQUENCE TO WHICH THE REPRESSOR BINDS |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA SEQUENCE TO WHICH RNA POLYMERASE BINDS |
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Term
| DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCES IN DNA TRANSLATION IN PROKS AND EUKS |
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Definition
PROKS:
-SHINE DALGARNO SEQUENCE UP FROM THE START CODON
-SITE RECOGNIZED BY 3' END OF RRNA
EUKS
-ELF-4 BINDS TO 5'CAP OF MRNA
-FIRST AUG CODON WILL BE START |
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Term
| WHICH FACTOR IS REQUIRED FOR THE BINDING OF AMINOACYL TRNA DURING ELONGATION IN EUKS? |
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Definition
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Term
| NAME 2 TRUE STATEMENTS ABOUT RELEASE FACTORS. |
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Definition
THEY RECOGNIZE STOP CODONS
AND
THEY ARE PROTIENS |
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Term
GIVE THE ANTICODON SEQUENCE OF THE TRNA FOR:
GCU (5'--> 3') |
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Definition
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Term
| IN WHAT TYPE OF RNA IS THERE DIHYDROURIDIN AND PSUEDOURIDIN? |
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Definition
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Term
| GIVE 4 EXAMPLES OF POST-TRANSLATIONAL PROTIEN MODIFICATION |
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Definition
-ACYLATION
-GLYCOSALATION
-PHOSPHORLATION
-PROTIEN FOLDING
-PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING |
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Term
| WHY CANT ATTENUATION OCCUR IN EUKS? |
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Definition
- ATTENUATION IS THE COUPLING OF TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION
-EUKS CANNOT COUPLE BECAUSE THEY HAVE COMPARTMENTS FOR THESE PROCESSES |
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Term
| WHY DO WE MAKE PRO-INUSLIN INSTEAD OF DIRECTLY MAKE INSULIN? |
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Definition
- ENSURES A 1:1 RATIO OF THE BETA AND ALPHA CHAINS
- THIS HELPS FORM THE DISULFIDE BONDS BETWEEN THE ALPHA AND BETA CHAINS |
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Term
| WHAT POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF LYSINE RESIDUES IN HISTONES WILL ALTER GENE REGULATION AND WHY? |
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Definition
-ACETYLATION
-REDUCES THE ELECTROSTATIC BONDS AND MAKES THE DNA MORE ACCESSIBLE TO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AND RNA POLYMERASE |
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Term
| WHAT TYPE OF PATHWAY IS CONCENTRATION DEPENDANT AND DOES NOT REQUIRE ENERGY TO TRANSPORT INTO CELL? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHERE IS THE SITE OF ACTION FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ANTISENSE? |
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Definition
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Term
| CHOLESTEROL _____ TRANSPORT INTO CELLS IN CONJUGATION TO SIRNA. |
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Definition
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Term
| NAME THE ORDER OF ENZYMES GOING FROM PRI-MIRNA TO PRE-MIRNA TO PRERNA IN THE CELL? |
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Definition
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Term
| NAME A FALSE STATEMENT ABOUT SIRNA. |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE HTE 2 MECHANISMS THAT OLIGONUCLEOTIDES CAN DISRUPT TRANSLATION. |
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Definition
- DESTRUCTION OF MRNA BY RIBONUCLEASES
- RIBOSOME MOVEMENT BLOCKED |
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Term
| WHY IS TRANSLOCATION OF 2 GENES THE BEST TARGET FOR ANTISENSE STRATEGIES |
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Definition
| IT IS A UNIQUE OR QUALATATIVE TARGET VS A QUANTATIVE TARGET |
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Term
| WHAT WAS THE FIRST FDA APPROVED FDA DRUG AND WHAT WAS IT FOR? |
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Definition
| VITRAVENE FOR CMV RETINITIS |
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Term
| DESCRIBE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SIRNA AND MIRNA. |
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Definition
- MIRNA IS NOT USUALLY A COMPLETE TARGET MATCH
- MIRNA USUALLY TARGETS MULTIPLE GENES AS ONE
- MIRNA REQUIRES MORE PROCESSING THAN SIRNA |
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Term
| WHY DO CPG MOTIFS STIMULATE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM? |
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Definition
| THEY LOOK SIMILAR TO BACTERIAL DNA |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MOST LIKELY PHARMACOLOGICAL TARGET OF APATMER? SIRNA? ANTIGENE? ANTISENSE? |
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Definition
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Term
| ON A PHOSPHATE GROUPS THERE ARE 2 HYDROXYL GROUPS. WHAT ARE THEIR PKA? |
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Definition
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Term
| IF YOU HAVE A "NH2+ UP" WHAT WILL THE PKA BE? |
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Definition
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Term
| IF YOU HAVE 2 EWG AND A NH DOWN WHAT WILL BE THE PKA? |
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Definition
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Term
| IF YOU HAVE A CARBOXYLIC ACID (COOH)WHAT WILL BE THE PKA? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT HYPOTHESIS SAYS THAT ONE TRNA CAN RECOGNIZE SEVERAL DEGENERATE CODONS? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT MUTATION INTRODUCES A STOP CODON? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE 2 FUNCTIONS OF THE AUG CODON? |
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Definition
| START CODON FOR TRANSLATION AND CODES FOR MET |
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Term
| WHAT CONTROL ELEMENT UPSTREAM OF STRUCTURAL GENES FO YOU EXPECT TO BE PALINDROMIC? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MAJOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OPERON OF THE LAC AND TRYPTOPHAN? |
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Definition
- IF NO IDUCER IS PRESENT THE LAC REPRESSOR BINDS TO THE OPERON TO REPRESS GENE EXPRESSION
- TRP REPRESSOR ONLY BIND TO THE OPERATOR TO REPRESS GENE EXPRESSION IF A CO-REPRESSOR IS PRESENT |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF ATTENUATION? |
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Definition
| A MECHANISM TO CONTROL EXPRESSION IN PROKS |
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Term
| WHICH MODIFICATION TO THE HISTONE AND DNA COMMONLY AFFECTS GENE EXPRESSION IN EUKS? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MAJOR SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR THE RIBOSOMAL PROTIEN SYNTHESIS? |
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Definition
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Term
| IDENTIFY 2 SEPERATE FAMILIES OF MIDIFICAITONS TO INCREASE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE STABILITY AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE. |
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Definition
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Term
| LIST 2 OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MODIFICATIONS AND THE SPECIFIC UNDESIRED EFFECT FOR THAT MODIFICATION. |
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Definition
-MP: LOSES WATER SOLUBILITY
-2'F: LOSS OF RNASEH |
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Term
| DICER DEGRADES DOUBLE STRANDED ____ INTO ____ WHICH RESULTS IN THE DEGRADATION OF MRNA. |
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Definition
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Term
| RIBOZYMES HAVE ____ ACTIVITY. |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE CENTRAL DOGMA? |
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Definition
| DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTIENS |
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Term
| WHICH DNA MODIFICATION MAY RESULT IN INACTIVATION OF GENE EXPRESSION? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MATCHING FOR 5'--> 3' ACGT? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 MAJOR GROUPS OF NUCLEASES THAT CAN DEGRADE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES? |
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Definition
| ENDONUCLEASES AND EXONUCLEASES |
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Term
| WHAT TYPE OF NUCLEASE IS THE MAJOR REASON PHOSPHODIESTER OLIGONUCLEOTIDES DEGRADE IN THE PLASMA |
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Definition
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Term
| NAME THE TARGET AND THE HYDROGEN BONDING OF THE ANTIGENE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE. |
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Definition
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Term
| NAME THE TARGET AND HYDROGEN BONDING OF THE ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE. |
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Definition
| RNA; WATSON CRICK BASE PAIRING |
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Term
| NAME THE TARGET AND THE HYDROGEN BONDING OF THE APTAMER. |
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Definition
| PROTIEN; HYDROGEN BONDING |
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Term
| WHAT MECHANISM IS MOST LIKELY INVOLVED IN THE INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT OF OLIGONUCLEOTIDES. |
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Definition
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Term
| LIST A MODIFICATION TO INCREASE THE INTRACELLUAR TRANSPORT OF OLIGONUCLEOTIDES. |
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Definition
| CHOLESTEROL ADDITION OR USE OF LYSOSOMES |
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Term
| BESIDES CMV ID ONE BIOLOGICAL TARGET AND GENE THAT IS TARGETED BY OLIGONUCLEOTIDES. |
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Definition
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