Term
| What is the general pathway for sensory transduction? |
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Definition
starts with receptor - spinal cord - brain stem - thalamus - cerebral cortex some neurons converge/diverge from this pathway. They don't all follow the same pathway |
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Term
| What are exteroreceptors? |
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Definition
| a class of sensory receptors concerned with the external environment (includes all five senses) |
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Term
| What are interoreceptors? |
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Definition
| A class of sensory receptors concerned with the internal environment (temperature, chemical composition, stretching of tissue) |
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Term
| What are proprioreceptors? |
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Definition
| class of sensory receptors concerned about the position of the body in space (muscle spindles, joint receptors) |
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Term
| What are the types of somatic sensory receptors? |
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Definition
Mechanoreceptors Thermoreceptors Nocireceptors Photoreceptors Chemoreceptors |
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Term
Describe the different types of mechanoreceptors |
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Definition
Pacinian Corpuscle: Subcutaneous layer of nonhairy skin and muscle and some mucous membranes; vibration and pressure Meissner's Corpuscles: fingertips, nonhairy skin; tactile discrimination Hair Follicle Receptors: Hairy skin; detect velocity and direction of mvmt across skin. Merkel's Disks: Nonhairy skin; detect vertical indentations of skin Ruffini's Corpuscles: Dermis of hairy skin and in joint capsules; detect stretch and joint rotation Tactile Disks: Hairy skin; similar to Merkel's Disk |
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Term
True/False A nerve cell is influenced by a stimulus while a sensory cell is influenced by a transmitter |
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Definition
False A nerve cell is influenced by a transmitter while a sensory cell is influenced by a stimulus |
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Term
| Discuss the attributes of sensory properties |
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Definition
Modality: different forms of energy are transformed by the nervous system into different sensations or sensory modalities Intesity: intensity or amt of sensation depends on the strength of the stimulus Duration: the duration of the sensation is defined by the relationship b/t the stimulus intensity and perceived intensity Location: 2 impt measurements of awareness of the spatial aspects of sensory experience are: ability to locate site of stimulation and ability to distinguish b/t 2 closely spaced stimuli |
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Term
| Name the sensory modalities with hair cell receptors |
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Definition
Hearing: ear (organ of corti) Rotational acceleration: ear (semicircular canals) Linear acceleration: ear (utricle and saccule) |
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Term
| Name the sensory modalities with nerve ending receptors |
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Definition
Touch-pressure: skin Warm: skin Cold: skin Pain: skin Joint mvmt and position: various muscle length: muscle spindle muscle tension: golgi tendon organ |
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Term
| Describe the vision, smell, and taste sensory modalities |
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Definition
vision: rod and cone receptors; eye smell: olfactory neuron receptors; olfactory mucous membrane taste: taste receptor cells; taste buds |
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Term
| Phasic receptor vs Tonic receptor |
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Definition
a phasic receptor is rapidly adapting (ex: pacinian corpuscle) a tonic receptor is slow adapting (ex: pain receptor) |
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Term
true/false small receptor fields are more diffuse than large receptor fields |
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Definition
false large receptor fields are more diffuse |
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Term
| compare the somatosensory pathways of the dorsal column system and aterolateral system |
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Definition
the Dorsal column system (fine touch, pressue, proprioception) crosses over (switches from left to right) in the brain stem; second order neuron occurs b/t brainstem and thalamus the anterolateral system (light touch, temperature, pain) crosses over in the spinal cord; second order neuron occurs between spinal cord and brainstem |
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