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Senses
notes on senses for my A*P lab
33
Biology
Undergraduate 2
11/04/2012

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Term
Sclera
Definition
the whites of the eye - part of the fibrous tunic
Term
Fibrous Tunic
Definition
External tough layer of eye
Term
Cornea
Definition
anterior window of the eye - part of the fibrous tunic
Term
Ciliary Body
Definition
in the anterior, the muscle controlling the shape of the lens - part of the vascular tunic
Term
Choroid
Definition
only in animals - reflective coating on inside of eye, allows more light to be collective - part of the vascular tunic
Term
Lens
Definition
focuses images - part of the vascular tunic
Term
Iris
Definition
external colored portion of the eye. A smooth muscle that adjusts the pupil - part of the vascular tunic
Term
Pupil
Definition
round opening to the eye - part of the vascular tunic
Term
Sensory tunic
Definition
innermost portion of the eye.
Term
Retina
Definition
light sensitive covering of the inner eye.
Term
Photoreceptor cells
Definition
Cones - help you see color
Rods - function in less intense light + more intense around peripheral vision.
Term
Optic Disc
Definition
Blind spot where retina attaches to optic nerve. No rods or cones.
Term
Fovea Centralis
Definition
a region in the eye with a high concentration of cones.
Term
Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Definition
muscles controlling the direction of the eye
Term
Lateral Rectus
Definition
Moves the eye laterally, controlled by cranial nerve six, the abducens.
Term
medial rectus
Definition
Moves the eye medially, controlled by cranial nerve three, the occulomotor nerve.
Term
Superior Rectus
Definition
Elevates eye and turns it medially. Controlled by cranial nerve three, the occulomotor nerve.
Term
Inferior Rectus
Definition
Depresses the eye and turns it medially. Controlled by cranial nerve three, the occulomotor nerve.
Term
Inferior Oblique
Definition
Elevates the eye, turns it laterally. Controlled by cranial nerve three, the occulomotor nerve.
Term
Superior Oblique
Definition
depresses the eye, turns it laterally. Controlled by cranial nerve four, the trochlear nerve.
Term
External/Outer Ear
Definition
Funnels Sound

Auricle/Pina - the edge of the outer ear
Lobule- your earlobe
External Acoustic Meatus - your ear hole before it gets to the tympanic membrane
Term
Middle Ear
Definition
interior to the ear drum, external to the cochlea
Term
Tympanic Membrane
Definition
The ear drum.
Receives sounds vibrations and transfers them to the ossicles
Term
Ossicles
Definition
Bones of the middle ear, the three smallest bones in the human body.
Malleus
Incus
Stapes - rests against the oval window
Term
Inner Ear
Definition
a bony and membraneous labyrinth
Term
Pharyngotympanic (or Auditory) Tube
Definition
Formerly known as the eustachian tube.
The tube that connects the pharynx to the tympanic membrane.
It equalizes the pressure of the middle ear cavity with external air pressure.
Part of the middle ear.
Term
Cochlea
Definition
Looks like a snail.
one of three subdivisions of bony labyrinth
Organ of Corti - contains receptor cells for hearing.
Term
Vestibule
Definition
consists of utricles and saccules, and is involved in equilibrium
Term
What are the subdivisions of the inner ear?
Definition
The cochlea,
The vestibule
Term
semicircular ducts & canals
Definition
involved in equilibrium, have anterior posterior and lateral for each. Six in total.
Term
Weber Test
Definition
Determines conduction and sensorineural deafness
(involves placing a tuning fork on the top of the skull)
Term
Rinne Test
Definition
Compares bone and air conduction hearing
(involves placing a tuning a fork on the mastoid process and in the air and comparing the two)
Term
Romberg
Definition
Determines the integrity of the dorsal white column of the spinal cord, which transfers info to the brain from the proprioceptors involved in posture.
Vision helps to maintain body equilibrium and balance.
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