Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Semester One Science Final
Semester One Final
51
Science
8th Grade
01/18/2012

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Reference Point
Definition
a starting point used to describe the position of an object
Term
Vector
Definition
a quantity that has both a size and a direction
Term
Displacement
Definition
the difference between the initial position and the final position of an object
Term
Speed
Definition
the rate of change of position over a period of time
Term
Constant Speed
Definition
travels the same distance each and every second
Term
Instantaneous Speed
Definition
or the speed of an object at a specific instant of time, is especially useful to measure for object whose speed changes
Term
Average Speed
Definition
its total distance traveled divided by the total time it traveled
Term
Velocity
Definition
a measurement of both the speed and direction of motion of an object
Term
Acceleration
Definition
another vector, is the rate at which velocity changes over time
Term
Slope
Definition
the steepness of the line
Term
Rise
Definition
the vertical change or change along the y-axis on a graph as an object moces between two points 
Term
Run
Definition
the horizontal change or change along the x-axis on a graph as an object moves between two points 
Term
Force
Definition
push or pull
Term
Contact Force
Definition
the type of force that is only exerted when two objects are touching
Term
Noncontact Force
Definition
a type of force exerted on one object by another when the objects are not touching
Term
Net Force
Definition
the combination of all the forces acting on an object
Term
Unbalenced Force
Definition
when the net force on an object is not zero
Term
Balenced Forces
Definition
occur when the net force on a object is zero
Term
Newton's First Law of Motion
Definition
states that if the net force on an object is zero an object at rest remains at rest or if the object is moving it continues to move in a straight line with constant speed
Term
Gravity
Definition
an attractive force between all objects that have mass
Term
Law of Universal Gravitation
Definition
states that all objects are attracted to each other
Term
Weight
Definition
the gravitational force exerted on an object
Term
Friciton
Definition
a contact force that acts to resist sliding between two touching surfaces
Term
Elastic Force
Definition
exerted by a materail when it is stretched or compressed
Term
Tension Force
Definition
the force exerted on a stretched rubber band 
Term
Compression Force
Definition
the force exerted on a squeezed rubber ball
Term
Normal Force
Definition
a table exerts a normal force on anything that sits on it
Term
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Definition

a=F/m- acceleration is equal to force divided by mass

m=F/a- mass is equal to force divided by acceleration

F=m*a- force is equal to mass times accleration

Term
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Definition
states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object
Term
Density
Definition
the amount of mass per unit volume of material
Term
Rectangular Solid
Definition
a 6 faced block in which all faces are rectangular
Term
Volume
Definition
length(cm)* width(cm)* height(cm)
Term
Fluid
Definition
a material that can flow and has no definite shape
Term
Pressure
Definition
the force per unit area applied on the surface of an object
Term
Pressure (formula)
Definition
Pascals=force(newtons)/ area(meters squared)
Term
Atmospheric Pressure
Definition
is the force exerted per unit area by air particles
Term
Buoyant Force
Definition
the net upward force exerted on an object in a fluid by the surrounding fluid
Term
Archimedes' Principle
Definition
states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces
Term
Hydrometer
Definition
an instrument that measures the density of a fluid
Term
Random Motion
Definition
motion of particles
Term
States of Matter
Definition
gas, liquid, solid
Term
Temperature
Definition
a meausre of the average kinetic energy of all particles in an object
Term
Melting Point
Definition
the temperature at which it changes from a solid to a liquid
Term
Freezing Point
Definition
of a material is the temperature at which material changes from a liquid to a solid
Term
Vaporization
Definition
the change from a liquid to a gas
Term
Boiling
Definition
vaporization that occurs within a liquid 
Term
Boiling Point
Definition
the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
Term
Evaporation
Definition
Vaporization at the surface of a liquid
Term
Condensation
Definition
the state change of a material from a gas to a liquid
Term
Sublimaiton
Definition
the change of a solid to a gas without going through the liquid state
Term
Deposition
Definition
the change is state of a gas to a solid without going through the liquid state
Supporting users have an ad free experience!