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repetition of the last word of one clause at the begining of the following clause
-(provides means for building) |
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The repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginings of successive clauses. |
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Repetition of words, in successivee clauses in reverse grammatical order.
ex: "One should eat to live, not live to eat." |
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The juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas, often used in parallel structure. The contrast may be used in words or ideas, or both, and is very effective when used well. |
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Placing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explaination of the first.
ex: "The mountain was the earth, her home. |
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| Deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of clauses |
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Reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses, but does not involve the repetition of words.
ex: "Exalts his enemies, his friends destroy." |
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| Arrangemeent of words, phrases or clauses in an order of increasing importance. |
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| Deliberate omission of a word or words which are readily implied by the context. |
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Repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occured at the begining of the clause
ex: "Blood hath brought blood..." |
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| Repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses and produces a strong rhythm and emphasis. |
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An extreme exaggeration
ex: I have a TON of homework! |
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| A scheme of parallel structure which occurs when the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structures, but also in length, number of words or even number of syllables. |
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| similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses. (nouns w/ nouns, adverb clusters w/ adverb clusters, etc.) |
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An insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal flow of the sentences
(punctuate with parenthesis, dashes and commas) |
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Repetition of words derived from the same root.
ex: "We would like to contain the uncontainable future in a glass" |
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| Deliberate use of many conjunctions |
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| A question asked to produce an effect and make an assertion and not to recieve an answer |
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| free from reservation, disguise, or subterfuge; straightforward |
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full of or characterized by enthusiasm; ardent
Synonyms
eager, fervent, zealous, passionate, vehement, fervid, impassioned.
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| characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal |
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serving to condemn;
to express an unfavorable or adverse judgment on; indicate strong disapproval of |
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| a powerful feeling of resentment or anger aroused by something perceived as an injury, insult, or injustice |
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| an uncontrollable outburst of emotion or fear, often characterized by irrationality, laughter, weeping, etc. |
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| to alleviate or lessen the grief, sorrow, or disappointment of; give solace or comfort |
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| providing sympathy or encouragement; providing additional help, information, etc. |
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acting or affected by, of the nature of, or pertaining to a special affinity or mutual relationship; congenial;
looking upon with favor |
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to speak or write in a manner expressive of derision or scorn. |
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| showing or implying a usually patronizing descent from dignity or superiority: |
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| of or denoting an attitude in which judgments about other people's conduct are made |
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- Functional- declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclaimatory
- Grammatical- simple, compound, complex, compound-complex
- Rhetorical- periodic and cumulative
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- Dependent- does not stand alone in a sentence, but depends on another clause to support it
- Inedpendent- stands alone in a sentence
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| Underlining vs. "Quotation Marks" |
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- Underline- with large works (books, plays, long musical works, etc.)
- Quotation- to cite short works (short marks, short works)
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| Capitalization, Grammar, Punctuation |
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- Capitalization- proper nouns, titles, beginings of sentences and quotes
- Grammar: the study of the way the sentences of a language are constructed; morphology and syntax.
- Punctuation-the practice or system of using certain conventional marks or characters in writing or printing in order to separate elements and make the meaning clear, as in ending a sentence or separating clauses.
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- Defend- agreeing with the author's claims and persuading the audience to do so
- Refute- disagreeing with the author's claims and persueding the audience to disagree as well
- Qualify- neither refute nor defend, but bring up points from both sides of the arguement
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word/ logos
author/ethos audience/pathos |
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- Analysis- analyzes and points out rhetorical modes and devices and caputures what the author's purpose was. All higher level papers analyze instead of summarize
- Summary- a summation of the piece with little to no analysis. Lower level papers summarize instead of analyze
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Term
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Definition
- Read the prompt. Look for what it is asking as you read
- Determine author's claim, purpose, arguement, and tones used
- Decide how to chunk from an analytical standpoint
- Organize paper with chunking and quotes in chronological order
- Be sure to use good diction!
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Term
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Definition
- diction
- syntax
- imagery
- figurative language
- structure
- tone
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