Term
| Authority often provides both the permission to do something as well as defining those actions that cannot be taken. |
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Definition
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Term
he Capstone Concept for Joint Operations or CCJO, identifies the concept of Globally Integrated Operations as a means of addressing future challenges to national security. There are eight key elements of Globally Integrated Operations, which are listed here.
• Mission command
• Seize, retain and exploit the initiative
• Global agility
• Partnering
• Flexibility in establishing Joint Forces
• Cross-domain synergy
• Use of flexible, low-signature capabilities
• Increasingly discriminate to minimize unintended consequences |
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Definition
Mission Command:
1. Operationalizing mission command requires delegation of authority, where appropriate, in order to drive approval levels down and speed decision-making. Achieving a common and shared understanding of authorities horizontally as well as vertically is necessary to ensure that decisions are in keeping with Commander’s guidance and help achieve Commander’s intent. A common and shared understanding of authorities is therefore also critical to fostering trust and confidence among commanders.
Seize, retain and exploit the initiative:
2. Globally integrated operations must provide the ability to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative in time and across domains. Controlling the pace of operations is a key part of maintaining military advantage. Especially in a conflict that plays out in multiple domains, operational campaign design must enable us to decide and direct faster than our adversaries. This fast pace of decision-making and action will rely heavily of clearly stated and understood authorities.
Partnering:
3. Non-DoD organizations bring disparate authorities to bear on military operations. Because of this, integrating subject matter experts and mission partner representatives into the planning process and maintaining awareness of authorities through the use of a matrix will assist in identifying, developing, and understanding the authorities necessary to accomplish the mission. |
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Term
| For U.S. forces, domestic sources of authority include which of the following? |
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Definition
| judicial decisions, us constitution, and written statues |
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Term
| OPCON is the authority to perform certain functions of command over subordinate forces and includes which of the following? |
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Definition
| assigning tasks, designating objectives, and organizing and employing commands and forces. |
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Term
| military commander authority is extended beyond unit forces to include contractors. |
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Definition
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Term
| International law springs from which of the following? |
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Definition
| customary law of nations practiced over time, international agreements, and treaties |
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Term
| a best practice is organizing advisory support to the planning process is development of which one of the following? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following three key elements from globally integrated operations that relate to authorities? |
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Definition
| commitment to mission command, partnering to integrate non-dod expertise and resources, and speed in decision making |
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Term
| The authority to protect the resilience and redundancy of critical military infrastructure resides with the National Security Agency (NSA) under Title 50. |
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Definition
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| The authority to protect the resilience and redundancy of critical civilian infrastructure resides with the National Security Agency (NSA) under which U.S. Title Code? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are some of the resources for identifying intelligence authorities? |
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Definition
| DoD Directive 5240.1-R, the foreign intelligence surveillance act, and national disclosure policy 1 |
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Term
Military and civilian critical infrastructure daily comes under electronic snooping and malicious attack from foreign and domestic entities.
The authority to protect the resilience and redundancy of critical military infrastructure resides with DoD under Title 10; the authority to protect the resilience and redundancy of critical civilian infrastructure resides with the National Security Agency (NSA) under Title 50.
In addition to maintaining and protecting military systems and infrastructure, DoD has a vital interest in the continued availability of communications and other civilian infrastructure.
1. Domestic cyber operations are restrained by what laws?
The Posse Comitatus Act generally prohibits active participation of the military in enforcing civilian laws. This limits the ability of the military to take action to protect civil infrastructure. Cyber operations are also further constrained for both the military and civilian agencies by privacy laws and civil liberties. However, under current authorities, DoD can and does work with other U.S. Government agencies by exchanging information on cyber activities and planning for wartime and emergency protection of infrastructure.
2. What international authorities exist for cyber operations?
Customary practices are not yet recognized for international cyber operations. NATO’s Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence recently released the Tallinn Manual, setting forth the view of internationally recognized cyber subject matter experts on standards that reflect customary international law as it relates to cyberspace. |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following is one of the four pillars of the "use of force" under the law of war |
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Definition
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Term
| the definition of ROE is stated in Joint Doctrine is, "Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered." |
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Definition
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Term
| Developing ROE and managing ROE measures are functions of which joint staff directorate? |
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Definition
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Term
| the commander's guidance and intent are often provided in which of the following? |
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Definition
| fragmentary orders (FRAGOs) |
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Term
| Staffs that are proactive in generation of appropriate and robust supplemental ROE measures and requisite justifications stay ahead of operational requirements and minus vulnerabilities. |
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Definition
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Term
With any violation of the Law of War comes the potential for second and third order effects which undermine the legitimacy of an operation. Even if a use of force is not an actual violation of the Law of War, it could cause an erroneous public perception of illegitimacy that can have a negative impact on the entire operation.
Military Necessity
A violation of military necessity would include the intentional targeting of protected persons (civilians, hostile personnel who have surrendered or are otherwise "out of combat," etc.) and places (objects or places that are used for purely civilian purposes, such as hospitals, schools, and cultural property that have not been converted to or for military/hostile use). This is because these protected persons and places do not constitute legitimate military objectives in furtherance of the accomplishment of the mission.
Unnecessary Suffering
While DoD weapons and ammunition are designed to generally comply with the principle of avoiding unnecessary suffering, they must not be used in such a manner as to cause injury in a way that is disproportionate to the military advantage to be gained from its use.
Distinction
Closely linked to military necessity, parties to a conflict must draw a distinction between military and non-military objectives, directing their operations only against military objectives. Military objectives are combatants and those objects which by their nature, location, purpose, or use make an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offer a definitive military advantage.
Proportionality
This principle is only applicable when an attack may possibly affect civilians or civilian objects, and thereby result in collateral damage. A military commander must assess his or her obligations as to the principle of distinction, while avoiding actions that are indiscriminate. |
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Definition
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Term
| A key goal of the rules of engagement (ROE) working group is to proactively develop ROE and respond to requests for additional ROE measures. |
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Definition
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Term
| Approved rules of engagement (ROE) measures that lag behind the operational requirements create _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ultimately, within the guidelines of the rules of engagement (ROE) and the commander's guidance and intent, commanders and operators decide whether available force will be used, by whom, and how. |
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Definition
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Term
| Correct decisions on use of force never dictate restraint rather than force. |
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Definition
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Term
| It is Department of Defense (DoD) policy that members of the DoD components comply with the Law of War during _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Legitimacy will hinge only on the reality of adhering to authority, not on the perception of it by the national and international audience. |
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Definition
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Term
| In mission command, as approval levels are driven down, achieving a common and shared understanding of authorities becomes critical to support trust and confidence and expedite decision-making. |
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Definition
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Term
| The United States is _____ |
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Definition
| bound to follow the decisions of the united nations. |
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Term
| In non-combat situations during non-combatant evacuation or personnel recovery operations, requests for rules of engagement (ROE) permitting the use of riot control agents can be requested at the last minute. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Law of War principle of "proportionality" _____. |
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Definition
| requires parties to a conflict to distinguish between combatants and noncombatants and to distinguish between military objectives and protected property and places |
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Term
| Operations conducted with coalition partners will bring to bear _____. (Select all that apply.) |
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Definition
| different national capabilities, polices, laws, limitations or caveats |
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Term
| The Unified Command Plan (UCP) establishes the missions and geographic responsibilities of the combatant commanders. |
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Definition
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Term
| Dialogue and translation between echelons and across organizational, command, and national boundaries early in the planning process and throughout execution of the mission is not essential to achieving a common and shared understanding of all matters in a mission command environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the main sources of authority in planning and conducting a mission? (Select all that apply.) |
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Definition
legitimacy in the results of the mission
legitimacy in the mission itself
legitimacy in the means of conducting the mission |
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Term
| Developing a detailed battle rhythm coverage plan _____. (Select all that apply.) |
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Definition
lays out the duties, roles, and responsibilities of the advisors covering each battle rhythm event
begins with a review of the battle rhythm events
facilitates effective cross training and sharing of information within the staff
enables the staff sections to assist in the development and review of all plans, orders, rules of engagement (ROE) requests, and target packages being developed |
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