Term
Seed Plants
Changed?Became the?
____ are now divided into ____ ____
_____ are reduced to ; the next_______ is already formed |
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Definition
–Changed the course of plant evolution, became the dominant producers in most terrestrial ecosystems
–Living seed plants are divided into two clades: gymnosperms and angiosperms
Gametophytes are reduced to only a couple cells within pollen (male) and unpollinated seed (female); the next sporophyte generation is already formed inside the seed (embryo) before it is released from its mother |
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Term
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Definition
| an embryo (diploid, multicellular), along with its food supply, packaged in a protective coat |
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Definition
“Naked” seeds without surrounding ovary tissue
4 major lineages of living Gymnosperms are Conifers, Cycads, Ginkgo, andGnetophytes |
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Term
Conifers
Diversity?How much covered and what?
Produce? Locations?
Most are? Although?
Important for the? Big ____ in GA?
State flower of Maine? Gymnosperms do not? |
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Definition
•Low species-diversity, but large areas of the planet are covered by conifers (boreal spruce forests, redwood forests, southeastern U.S., etc.).
•Produce male and female cones in separate locations on the same tree/shrub
•Most are ‘evergreens’ although some (Bald Cypress, Tamarack) drop their leaves in winter
•Important for the timber industry (Loblolly Pine and Slash Pine are the big timber trees in GA).
•White Pine cone & tassel (male cone) is the state flower of Maine; this should infuriate you because Gymnosperms do NOT make flowers! |
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Definition
| Separate male and female plants- females make cones, often referred to as “Sago Palm” because of palm-like leaves |
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Term
Ginkgo:
Separate...? Why?
One species native to China?Now exclusively in?
Fossils indistinguishable from? |
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Definition
| Separate male and female trees; males are preferred as ornamental trees because females make fleshy, stinky seeds. 1 tree species (Ginkgo biloba) native to China, now exclusively in cultivation; fossils indistinguishable from modern Ginkgo date back 270 mya |
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Term
Gnetophytes:
Males vs Females |
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Definition
| Separate male and female plants (cones). -Ephedra (Morman Tea)- used for weight loss, decongestant, but also implicated in heart failure -Welwitschia- Namib desert, only 2 leaves |
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Term
Angiosperms
.produce?
.Most?
.Lineages? |
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Definition
•Produce reproductive structures called flowers and seed-protecting fruits (=ovary surrounding one or more seeds, can be multiple ovaries per flower)
•Most widespread and diverse of all major plant groups- 87% of all plant species!
•A few early-branching lineages, then most diversity in Monocots and Eudicots |
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Definition
| Usually green, protect developing flower parts before opening |
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Definition
| Often colorful, used to attract pollinators |
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Definition
| Male reproductive organs; produce pollen |
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Definition
| Can be one or more per flower; protect developing seeds and form fruits |
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