Term
|
Definition
Benzo- Anxiety (Xanax)
HIGH POTENCY = more dependant, less SE
intermediate t1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo- Anxiety, chronic Seizures, muscle problems (klonapin)
HIGH POTENCY = more dependant, less SE
phase 1a metabolism
best for maintainence against seizures
t1/2 is long |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo- Anxiety, Seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawl (Valium), muscle issues longer t than clonazepam
Very hydrophilic drug that gets to the brain quickly, but redistributes quickly to fat(increase lipo increases redist speed). LOW POTENCY, LONG HALF LIFE, SELF TAPERING.
Phase 1a then 1b rxn to oxazepam active, phase 2 to urine release
use max therapeutic dose etoh withdrawal
very long t1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo- Anxiety (Ativan)
HIGH POTENCY = more dependent, less SE
less lipophilic than diazepam
bipasses phase one metabolism therefore intermediate t1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo- Anxiety, withdrawal
short half-life
use max therapeutic dose etoh withdrawal
bipasses phase one metabolism therefore short t1/2 |
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Term
|
Definition
Benzo- Insomnia
No hepatic metabolism
bipasses phase one metabolism therefore intermediate t1/2 |
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Term
|
Definition
Benzo- Insomnia
HIGH POTENCY - may cause amnesia
short half-life with phase 1a |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo- Insomnia, withdrawal
half-life super long so avoid in ambulatory patients
use max therapeutic dose etoh withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
Benzo - Conscious sedation
pre-op anti-anxiety
Ultra-short t1/2
contraindicated copd, caution with opioids |
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Term
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Definition
| Z-hypnotic: BDZ agonist - Insomnia |
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Term
|
Definition
BDZ reversal (benzo antidote)
CONTRAINDICATED SEIZURES |
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Term
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Definition
Serotonin Receptor Partial agonist:
Non BDZ treatment for anxiety
Selective anxiolytic w/ minimal cns depression
no dependence or withdrawl, no cross tolerance with BDZ, no interaction ETOH
SLOW ONSET
good elderly, substance abuser, may experience nervousness/tachycardia |
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Term
|
Definition
1. Elderly (half hepatic metab and osteoporosis)
2. Liver disease
3. COPD (midazolam)
4. Sleep apnea
5. other seditives/et-oh
6. Pregnant or breast feeding |
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Term
|
Definition
Allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors: binding allows GAGA to bind more easily to let Cl through and induce hyperpolarity
for muscles: increases presynaptic inhibition in the spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
A1 = hypnotic/amnesic/anticonvulsant = most widely distributed
A2 = anxiolytic limbic/cortical
A3-A5 = muscle relaxant
Z-hypnotics are more selective for A1 |
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Term
|
Definition
>30min to fall asleep
frequent awakenings
early morning awakenings
<6 hrs sleep
remember z hypnotics dont effect stages 3/4 or rem sleep but bdz do |
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Term
| BDZ side effects and drugs to avoid |
|
Definition
1. angioedema face
2. weird sleep behavior
1. cimetidine (H2 stomach)
2. oral contraceptives
3. fluoxetine
4. grapefruit
may cause amnesia/cognitive impairment...dont use with machinary |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
diazepam
oxaxepam
flurazepam
use max theraputic dose due to cross tolerance |
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Term
| drug drug interactions BDZ |
|
Definition
cimitidine
oral contraceptives (increase amnt blood)
fluoxitine
grapefruit juice |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
1. Alproz
2. Loraz
3. Clonaz
4. triaz |
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Term
|
Definition
clonazepam
alprazolam
triazolam
diaz |
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