Term
A. -Identify subatomic particles.
B. -Explain how they are arranged in atoms. |
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Definition
A. - Subatomic particles are protons, neutrons and electrons.
B. - Protons carry a charge of +1 and are located in the nucleus, Neutrons have no charge and are located in the nucleus, and Electrons orbit around the nucleus and carry a -1 charge. |
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Term
C. - Describe the difference between ions and atoms.
D. - What is the importance of ions in a biological process? |
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Definition
C. - Ion makes up the electric charge of an atom. An atom is the smallest part of an element.
D. - Ions transmit signals that allow you to taste, feel, see, hear and smell. |
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Term
| E. - What are the types of bonding between atoms to form molecules? |
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Definition
E. - Ionic Bonding - Attraction between positively and negatively charge ions. Form between metals and non-metals.
Covalent Bonding - When 2 or more atoms share electrons and try to fill outer electron shell.
Forms between non metal and non metal. |
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Term
| F. - How do the properties of water make water essential for life on Earth? |
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Definition
F. - * It carries material around the body.
* It is polar; dissolves molecules.
* It resists temperature change.
* It expands when frozen, turning rock into soil. |
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Term
| G. - Explain the properties of water. |
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Definition
G. -
* It can dissolve other substances.
* The water molecule can form hydrogen bridges with other molecules.
* Has ability to form collodial. |
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Term
| H. - Waters properties that sustain life. |
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Definition
G. -
* Adhesion - clings to other objects
* Chemical Reactivity - allows it to participate in chemical reactions.
* Thermal Stability - Helps maintain normal body temperature. |
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Term
| I. - Identify the basic molecular structure of carbs, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. |
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Definition
| I. - Carbohydrates are made mainly of hydrogen, oxygen, sugars, and starches. Lipids are composed of carbon atoms bonded to oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Proteins are polymers made of monomers called Amino Acids. Nucleic Acids are polymers made up of monomers called nucleotides. |
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Term
| J. - Explain the difference between organic and inorganic compounds. |
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Definition
J. - An organic compound is any contain carbon while inorganic do not. Molecules associated with living things are organic.
Inorganic examples include salts, metals, and substances made from single elements. It also does not contain carbon bonded to hydrogen. |
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Term
| K. - Primary functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids in organisms. |
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Definition
| Carbohydrates are sugars that provide the body with energy. Lipids are responsible for energy storage in the body. The function of proteins is to provide structural, hormonal, to transport and protect. Nucleic Acids determine the production of protein in a cell. |
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Term
| L. - How do enzymes speed up the rate of a biochemical reaction? |
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Definition
| L. - Some change shape of reacting molecules allowing the to 'fall apart.' |
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Term
| M. - Describe the effect of environmental factors on enzyme activity. |
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Definition
| M. - Levels of acidtity, temperature, heat and concentration on substrate are key factors. |
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Term
| N. - What are Ions? Why are they important? |
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Definition
| N. - An atomic molecule with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more free electrons. Ions determine the pH of something. |
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Term
| O. - How do atoms bond to form molecules? |
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Definition
| O. - They share and transfer valence electrons through Ionic or covalent bonding. |
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Term
| P. - What types of molecules are found in the body? |
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Definition
| P. - Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen. |
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Term
| Q. - How are macromolecules used in a cell? |
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Definition
| Q. - A macromolecules is a large molecule made up of smaller, important molecules. They perform various functions throughout the body like storing and using energy. |
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