Term
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Definition
| any molecule that binds to a receptor site of another (usually larger) molecule |
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Definition
| Activated by binding of ligand |
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Term
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Definition
| the series of biochemical steps whereby a stimulus to a cell (such a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor) is translated into a response of the cell |
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Term
nuclear receptor
(intracellular and cytoplasmic) |
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Definition
| Located In cytoplasm of cell and acts to alter gene expression or initiate transcription |
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Term
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Definition
Located in membrane of cell
*3 types: ligand gated ion channels, G protein coupled receptor, and protein kinase receptors |
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Term
| ligand gated ion channels |
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Definition
| Mediates flow of ions in and out of cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Dimerize and autophosphorylate to enhance signals through activation of proteins |
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Term
| G-protein coupled receptor |
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Definition
| a class of receptors that change configuration upon ligand binding such that a G protein binding site is exposed on the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor, initiating a signal trasnduction pathway |
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Term
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Definition
| a membrane protein involved in signal transduction; characterized by binding GDP or GTP |
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Term
| nucleotide exchange factor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| addition of a phosphate group |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that catalyzed the addition of a phosphate group from ATP to a target protein |
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Term
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Definition
| When 2 molecules closely associate to form one unit with 2 parts |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecule phosphorylating itself or identical molecules in a compound phosphorylating one another |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous phosphorylation that amplifies signal |
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Term
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Definition
| Release second messengers to activate proteins and bring about desired cellular response |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces cyclic AMP which activates kinase cascades |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound, such as cAMP, that is released within a target cell after a hormone (the first messenger) has bound to a surface receptor on a cell; the second messenger triggers further reactions within the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound formed from ATP that acts as a second messenger |
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Term
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Definition
| Removing phosphate groups |
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