Term
| Blood is equated with life and is the only ...... tissue in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of blood? |
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Definition
TRANSPORTS - REGULATES - PROTECTS
* distributes oxygen, carbon dioxide & blood cell
* delivers nutrients & hormones
* transports wastes
* assists in temperature regulation
* assist in defence against disease |
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Term
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Definition
* Concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.
* The pH is a number between 0-14 |
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Term
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Definition
| 7.35 to 7.45 - normal range |
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Term
| What is the average blood volume |
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Definition
* Male 5-6ltrs
* Female 4-5 litres
* 8% of body weight |
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Term
| What are the components of blood? |
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Definition
* Temperature - 38 slightly above normal body temperature
* 5 x thick as water (viscous)
* Result of interactions among dissolved proteins, formed elements, & waste molecules in plasma
* Slightly alkaline - average pH 7.4 |
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Term
| What are the components of plasma? |
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Definition
[image]
* Plasma - 55% of blood - The clear, yellowish fluid portion of blood, lymph, or intramuscular fluid in which cells are suspended.
Made up of
* Other Elements - 1%
* Plasma Proteins - 7%
* Water - 92% |
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Term
| What is the function of plasma? |
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Definition
| Transports organic & inorganic molecules, formed elements & heat |
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Term
| List & describe the formed elements of blood & their function? |
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Definition
[image]
* Platelets - <.1%
~ Leucocytes - aid in blood clotting
* White Blood Cells - <.1%
~ Erythrocyte - defence from infection & disease
* Red Blood Cells - 99.9%
~ Arganocyte - Formed elements are blood cells & fragments suspended in plasma & account for 45% of whole blood volume. |
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Term
| Define Antigen & Antibody |
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Definition
ANTIGEN - any substance that maybe specifically bound by an antibody molecule
ANTIBODY - a globular protein produced by plasma cells that will bind to specific antigens & promote their destruction or removal from the body |
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Term
| How are blood groups classified? |
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Definition
| Accoding to antigens (proteins) found on the red blood cells (RBC) membranes |
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Term
| How many common RBC are found in humans and what purpose do they serve |
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Definition
| 30 - allow each persons blood cells to be classified into different blood groups |
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Term
| What groups cause most reactions and are most important? |
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Definition
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Term
| BLOOD GROUP A CONTAINS WHICH ANTIGEN |
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Definition
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Term
| BLOOD GROUP B CONTAINS WHICH ANTIGEN |
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Definition
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Term
| BLOOD GROUP AB CONTAINS WHICH ANTIGEN |
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Definition
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Term
| BLOOD GROUP O CONTAINS WHICH ANTIGEN |
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Definition
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Term
| If an antibody meets an antigen to which it is specific? |
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Definition
It will attach to the ANTIGEN
eg; If antibody B (Blood Group A) meets antigen B (Blood Group B), the antigen will stick to the antibody and agglutination will occur & recipients antibodies will attach the donor's antigens. |
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Term
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Definition
[image]
BLOOD ANTIGEN ANTIBODY BLOOD
TYPE FROM
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A B ANTI-B A & O
B B ANTI-A B & O
AB AB - UNIVERSAL
O - ANTI-A/B UNIVERSAL
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Both AB & O have universal recipients |
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Term
| What is the Rhesus factor? |
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Definition
Antigen that may/may not be present on the surface human blood cells.
If you have it your (+)
Rh is another antigen found in 85% of population |
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Term
| When could a person develop Anti D antibodies? |
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Definition
Inherited from parents - foetus has different blood type to mother Rh+ & Rh-
eg; foetus is + & mother is -.
Immunity from foreign antibodies at birth |
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Term
| What needs to be done to prevent anti D production? |
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Definition
* Special type of plasma injection of 'ready made' antibody administered within 72hr of birth.
* This will remove your babies RBC from your blood before your body tries to make harmful anti-D to fight them. |
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Term
| What condition is an Rh+ baby born with when the mother is Rh-? |
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Definition
| Haemolytic disease - baby requires an exchange blood transfusion after birth. |
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