Term
| How is M. tuberculosis usually transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a positive TB skin test look like and what is its significance? |
|
Definition
| Red Indurated(hard) area. Indicates patient exposed to MTB. Patient may or may not have active disease. |
|
|
Term
| What are interferon-gamma release assays? |
|
Definition
Detects TB infection & disease
Automated method for detecting i-g produced by WBCs in response to MTB AGNs |
|
|
Term
| Name one advantage to using the interferon-gamma release assays. |
|
Definition
Single patient visit
Less subjectivity to reader bias & error
Results unaffected by prior BCG |
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|
Term
| What is the appearance of mycobacteria in gram-stained smears? |
|
Definition
"Ghost cells"
Stain very poorly if at all |
|
|
Term
What is the recommended specimen collection procedure for the following specimen:
Sputum |
|
Definition
3-5 specimens
1st Morning specimen
5-10 mL minimum |
|
|
Term
What is the recommended specimen collection procedure for the following specimen:
Urine |
|
Definition
3-5 specimens
1st Morning specimen
40 mL minimum |
|
|
Term
How should the following specimens be processed:
Cerebrospinal Fluid |
|
Definition
| Centrifuge & inoculate media with sediment |
|
|
Term
How should the following specimens be processed:
Sputum |
|
Definition
| Centrifuge & digest before media inoculation |
|
|
Term
How should the following specimens be processed:
Urine |
|
Definition
| Centrifuge, some labs decontaminate, others may not |
|
|
Term
How should the following specimens be processed:
Skin/Wound for M. marinum |
|
Definition
| 2 sets of media should be inoculated with one set incubated @ 30 degrees Celsius and one set incubated @ 37 degrees Celsius. |
|
|
Term
| How should gastric aspirates be handled if they cannot be processed within 4 hours? |
|
Definition
| Neutralize with sodium bicarbonate |
|
|
Term
| Which mycobacteria are rapid growers? |
|
Definition
M. fortuitum-chelonae complex
-includes M. abscessus |
|
|
Term
| How fast does a rapid grower mycobacteria grow? |
|
Definition
| Colonies appear in less than 7 days |
|
|
Term
What is the function of the following reagents:
N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the function of the following reagents:
2% NaOH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should Middlebrook agar be stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should Middlebrook agar be incubated? |
|
Definition
| CO2 usually @ 37 degrees Celsius |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 egg-based mycobacteria media |
|
Definition
Petragnani
ATS
LJ
Gruft modifcation of LJ
Mycobactosel LJ |
|
|
Term
When the following group is exposed to light is pigment produced:
Photochromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the following group is exposed to light is pigment produced:
Scotochromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the following group is exposed to light is pigment produced:
Nonchromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the following group is kept in the dark is pigment produced:
Photochromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the following group is kept in the dark is pigment produced:
Scotochromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the following group is kept in the dark is pigment produced:
Nonchromogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Arylsulfatase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Catalase - 68 degrees Celsius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Catalase - semiquantitative (SQ) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Iron Uptake |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Niacin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Pyrazinamidase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Tween 80 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a positive result:
Special MacConkey (without crystal violet) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Arylsulfatase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Catalase - 68 degrees Celsius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Catalase - semiquantitative (SQ) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Iron Uptake |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Niacin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Pyrazinamidase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Tween 80 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For each of the following tests, what is the appearance of a negative result:
Special MacConkey (without crystal violet) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
tuberculosis |
|
Definition
TB
(more likely in HIV & Elderly) |
|
|
Term
| Is the species tuberculosis, Niacin + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the species tuberculosis, Nitrate + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the species tuberculosis, 68 degrees Celsius Catalase + or =? |
|
Definition
| 68 degrees Celsius Catalase + |
|
|
Term
| What is the colony appearance of the species tuberculosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what temperature should the species tuberculosis be incubated at? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M.tuberculosis a fast or slow grower? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the microscopic morphology of M. tuberculosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the name of the species, name the disease:
M. bovis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M.bovis a fast or slow grower? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. bovis T2H resistant or sensitive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. bovis Niacin + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. bovis Nitrate + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
M. kansasii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name its group:
kansasii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
M. marinum |
|
Definition
| "Swimming pool granuloma" |
|
|
Term
Given the species, name its group:
marinum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what temperature should M. marinum be incubated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
M. gordonae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name its group:
M. gordonae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. gordonae Nitrate + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. gordonae Tween + or =? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is M. gordonae often considered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
haemophilum |
|
Definition
| Rare & in immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
Given the species, name its group:
haemophilum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does haemophilum require X factor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what temperature should haemophilum be incubated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
avium-intracellulare |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name its group:
avium-intracellulare |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is avium-intracellulare a fast or slow grower? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Most tests for avium-intracellulare are Negative |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the species, name the disease:
fortuitum-chelonae-abscessus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. fortuitum-chelonae-abscessus a fast grower or a slow grower? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is M. fortuitum-chelonae-abscessus arylsulfatase + or =? |
|
Definition
| All three are Arylsulfatase + |
|
|
Term
True or False:
M. fortuitum-chelonae-abscessus WILL grow on special MAC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical significance of M. gordonae? |
|
Definition
"Tap water" scotochromogen
Nonpathogenic & is a common lab contaminant |
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the staining agent:
Ziehl-Neelsen |
|
Definition
Carbolfuchsin with phenol
Slides with stain are heated to force carbolfuchsin into AFB cell walls |
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the staining agent:
Kinyoun |
|
Definition
Carbolfuchsin with phenol (high concentrations)
Heat NOT Needed |
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the staining agent:
Fluorochrome |
|
Definition
| Auramine O (+/= rhodamine) with phenol |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Acid Alcohol is the decolorizer for the Ziehl-Neelsen, Kinyoun, & Fluorochrome staining methods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Counterstain:
Ziehl-Neelsen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Counterstain:
Kinyoun |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Counterstain:
Fluorochrome |
|
Definition
Potassium permanganate
-quenches background |
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Positive appearance:
Ziehl-Neelsen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Positive appearance:
Kinyoun |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Positive appearance:
Fluorochrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Negative appearance:
Ziehl-Neelsen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Negative appearance:
Kinyoun |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Negative appearance:
Fluorochrome |
|
Definition
| No Fluorescing Microorganisms |
|
|
Term
Given the staining method, give the Microscopic Examination form:
Fluorochrome |
|
Definition
Fluorescent Microscope
-use high dry objective |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Both Ziehl-Neelsen and Kinyoun staining methods use a light microscope with the oil immersion objective as their mircroscopic examination |
|
Definition
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