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Definition
| a genetic cross in which the same result occurs every time with respect to the trait(s) under consideration, due to homozygous parents |
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Definition
| a mating in which the parents differ with respect to the alleles of only one locus of interest |
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Definition
| a mating in which the parents differ with respect to the alleles of 2 loci of interest |
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| the individuals that mate in a genetic cross; their offspring are the first filial (F1) generation |
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Term
first filial generation
(F1) |
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Definition
| immediate progeny of a parental (P) mating |
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Term
second filial generation
(F2) |
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Definition
| immediate progeny of a mating btwn members of the F1 generation |
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Definition
| the alternate form of a genetic character found at a given locus on a chromosome |
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Definition
| in diploid organisms, having identical alleles of a given gene on both homologous chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| in diploid organisms, having different alleles of a given gene on the pair of homologs carrying that gene |
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Definition
| in genetics, the ability of one allelic form of a gene to determine the phenotype of a heterozygous individial in which the homologous chromosomes carry both it and a different (recessive) allele |
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Definition
| in genetics, an allele that does not determine phenotype in the presence of a dominant allele |
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Definition
| mating of a dominant-phenotype individual (who may be either heterozygous or homozygous) with a homozygous-recessive individual |
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Definition
| an exact description of the genetic constitution of an individual, either with respect to a single trait or with respect to a larger set of traits |
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Term
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Definition
| the observable properties of an individual resulting from both genetic and environmental factors |
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Term
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Definition
| when any individual produces gametes, the 2 copies of a gene separate, so that each gamete recieves only 1 copy |
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Term
| principle of independent assortment |
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Definition
| alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation |
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Term
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Definition
| method of predicting the results of a genetic cross by arranging the gametes of each parent at the edges of a square |
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Definition
| multiple genes control one single allele or single phenotype |
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Definition
one gene controlling multiple traits
*allows one mutation to have many different effects
*opposite of polygenic |
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Definition
| condition in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate btwn the two homozygous phenotypes |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which two alleles at a locus produce different phenotypic effects and both effects appear in heterozygotes |
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Definition
| interaction btwn genes in which the presence of a particular allele of one gene determines whether another gene will be expressed |
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Term
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Definition
| association btwn genes on the same chromosome such that they do not show random assortment and seldom recombine; the closer the genes, the lower the freqeuency of recombination |
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Term
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Definition
| in genetics, a specific location on a chromosome; may be considered synonymous with gene |
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Definition
the pattern of inheritance characteristic of genes located on the sex chromosomes of organisms having a chromosomal mechanism for sex determination
*aka sex-linked inheritance |
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Term
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Definition
| any chromosome (in a eukaryote) other than a sex chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| in organisms with a chromosomal mechanism of sex determination, one of the chromosomes involed in sex determination |
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Definition
| the positions of genes along a chromosome as revealed by recombination frequency |
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Definition
| the proportion of offspring of a genetic cross that have phenotypes different from the parental phenotypes due to crossing over btwn linked genes during gamete formation |
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Term
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Definition
| the distance btwn two genes as calculated from genetic crosses; a recombination frequency |
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