Term
| Depression and anxiety affect how many American adults annually? |
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Definition
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Term
| Women or men more likely to be affected by depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of pop have anxiety? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of pop have depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of depression cases missed in primary care? |
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Definition
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Term
| How common is depression in primary care? |
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Definition
| 2nd most common after HTN. 74% will go to PCP rather than MH provider |
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Term
| Rate of depression among medically ill |
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Definition
| about 5-10%; up to 14% of hospitalized patients |
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Term
| How many with heart disease have depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many with stroke have depression? |
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Definition
| 10-27% in first year; 15-40% experience some symptoms |
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Term
| how many with cancer have depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many with diabetes have depression? |
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Definition
| 25%; up to 70% with complications |
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Term
| what is the order of severity of depressive syndromes? |
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Definition
| adjustment disorder-->bereavement-->minor depression-->dysthymia-->major depression |
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Term
| how do minor depression and major depression differ? |
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Definition
| minor depression has <5 s/s and major is >5. also, major lasts longer than 2 weeks. minor: mood decreases, less interest, insomnia, fatigue, guilt, less concentration. major: significant distress, significant functional impairment, suicidal ideation |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic, low grade depression present for > 2 years |
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Term
| what is dysphoria and anhedonia? |
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Definition
dysphoria: feeling low
anhedonia: inability to take pleasure in things that are normally enjoyable
*for criteria for depression: at one of the s/s for diagnosis must be dysphoria or anhedonia |
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Term
| causes of major depression |
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Definition
1. genetic (75% identical twins, 25% for fraternal twins)
2. biological (dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems)
3. medications (antihypertensives, steroids)
4. social (type D personality)
other factors:
5. role incongruence (esp in women)
6. stress
7. early disruption of attachment
8. sensitivity to relational problems
9. interaction of hormones (thyroid and estrogen) |
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Term
According to DSM, how many adults have depressive disorders?
how many with dysthymia?
how many with major depression? |
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Definition
18.8 million
dysthymia: 10.9 million
major depression: 9.9 million |
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Term
| treatment of depression includes... |
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Definition
1. pharmocotherapy
-SSRIs, NDRIs, older drugs (tricyclics)
-therepeutic effects may not be seen for 6 weeks
-side effects: insomnia, weight gain, sexual dysfx, suicidality in children
2. psychotherapy
-cognitive behav therapy
-interpersonal therapy
3. combined thereapy (most effective)
-lower incidence of relapse compared to med alone
4. ECT (remains controversial)
5. Exercise |
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Term
| how many >65 y/o have depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| physical signs and symptoms of anxiety |
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Definition
1. anorexia
2. chest pain, palpitations, tachycardia
3. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urinary frequency
4. dizziness, faintness
5. dry mouth
6. dyspnea, hyperventilation
7. flushing |
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Term
According to DSM, how many have anxiety disorders?
how many have GAD?
how many have OCD? |
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Definition
anxiety disorders: 19.1 million
GAD: 4 million
OCD: 3.3 million |
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Term
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Definition
1. unexpected
2. cued by situation
3. predisposed by situation |
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Term
| treatment of panic disorder: |
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Definition
1. cognitive behavioral therapy
-graduated exposure
-cognitive restructuring
2. pharmacological treatment
-TCAs, MAOIs, high-potency benzodiazepines, SSRIs
3. combined therapy
4. patient education
5. factors in selecting treatment
-patient acceptance and tolerance
-urgency, history, comorbidity |
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Term
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Definition
1. lack of perceived control
2. lack of specific focus
3. not d/t physiological effects of substances or general medical condition
4. at least 3 of 6 cardinal s/s
5. s/s must cause:
-clinically sig distress
-functional impairment |
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Term
| 2 general definitions for anxiety: |
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Definition
1. state of fear, apprehension, dread, foreboding
2. symptoms assoc with autonomic activation: a) acute--"fight or flight" b) chronic: hyper-vigilance |
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Term
| severity of anxiety syndromes |
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Definition
| mild, moderate, severe, GAD, OCD, phobia, panic, PTSD |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive anxiety and worry. it is an anxiety disorder d/t general med condition or it is a substance-induced anxiety disorder |
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