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(Akers 1985) assumes all behavior is learned |
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Differential Association Theory |
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(Sutherland 1939) assumes all criminal behavior is learned through social contracts |
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Components of Differential of Association |
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Categories of Learning (four of em) |
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1. Differential association 2. Differential Reinforcement (trial and error) 3. Definitions 4. Imitation |
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(Hirschi 1969) Healthy relationships are required to not venture into crime |
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Norms make life ____________ |
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Components of Social Bond Theory (6) |
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1. Connection between individual and society 2. Isolation= broken laws 3. People seek gratification 4. Why don't people break the law? 5. Control from society 6. 4 bonds of society |
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1. Attachment 2. Commitment 3. Involvement 4. Belief |
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The connection between people |
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How much effort one invests into life (i.e example) |
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What is Hirschi's belief on negative bonds |
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Negative bonds don't exist |
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Durkheim's Anomie/Strain Theory |
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1. Conformity 2. Innovation 3. Retreatism 4. Rebellion 5. Ritualism |
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Agnew's Strain Theory (Modern) |
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Bad relationships lead to negative emotions, with no coping skills, which leads to crime |
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One drop of African blood, you're black |
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Test issued to natives to prove their ancestry |
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No names; other stuff may be recorded |
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New identity; name may be known |
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(Reckless 1973) Consciousness versus outside influence |
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