*Ruler of Russia

*Was an enlightened despot

*Modernized Russia (Did what Peter the Great could not accomplish)

*Expanded the size of Russia by obtaining waterports and the Black Sea

*Enlightenment thinker who thought all people were born selfish and wicked

*Wrote Leviathan in 1651

*Came up with the Social contract theory

*Thought of by Thomas Hobbes

*Idea that people are bad and so there is an agreement that the government will rule the people and in return the people will have law and order

*Created by Copernicus

*Says that the sun is in the center and earth revolves around it

*Created by the Greeks and followed by the church

* Says the earth is the center and the sun revolves around it.

*Continued Copernicus's work and created teh telescope

*Was put on house arrest for saying that the heliocentric model was correct

*Also called the Age of Reason

*Intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought to solve problems

*Believe that people could learn from experience

*Said people were born with three natural rights (Life, liberty and property) and it was the governments job to protect those rights

*Used satire to mock the government and the church

*Was sent to jail twice

*Wrote 70 books promoting freedom of thought, expresssion and religion

*Wrote "On the Spirit of Laws"

*Believes in seperation of power and that no one person can have total control

*Wrote a book entitled the "Social Contract"

* Said there should be an agreement between free individuals to create a society and a government

*Large rooms in mansions where enlightenment thinkers would meet

*This occured when the Paris government declared it illegal to openly talk bad about the church and the government

*Grand designs

*Used in Palace of Versailles

*Influenced by the enlightenment

*Architecture was simple and elegent

*Also known as New Classical