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| 1. The Linnaean classification for the white oak tree is Quercus alba. In this binomial nomenclature, the name Quercus refers to the tree’s |
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| 2. Which of the following does not describe a process common to all vascular plants? |
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| b. They remove oxygen from the air and convert it to carbon dioxide, which is why green plants are regarded as primary contributors to the so-called “greenhouse” effect. |
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| 3. Using what research method were the Archaea discovered by Carl Woese? |
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| 4. What is the correct order of the following, according to the Linnaean system of classification? |
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| c. kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
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| 5. The main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes is |
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| b. the presence of a cell nucleus |
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| 6. An apple is to an angiosperm as ___________ is to ______________? |
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| c. a cone is to a gymnosperm |
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| 7. A cell’s membrane is made up of |
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| c. a lipid bilayer with receptors |
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| 8. Which of the organelles listed below creates energy for a cell? |
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| b. mitochondria and chloroplasts |
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| 9. Which is true of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? |
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| 10. In the process of photosynthesis |
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| d. light energy is converted into chemical energy |
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| 11. Which of the following statements about cells is true? |
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| d. Meiosis produces cells with half the normal complement of DNA |
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| b. are long strands of DNA |
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| 13. An organic molecule’s chemical function is controlled by |
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| 14. The most complex level of protein structure is |
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| 15. The proper folding of proteins depends upon |
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| e. a, b, and d - a. the correct linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain, b. ribosomes, d. the proper sequence of nucleotides along the DNA molecule |
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| 16. Every distinct protein differs from other proteins in which of the following ways? |
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| e. all the above: a. sequence of the amino acids, b. shape and folding characteristics, c. the primary structure, d. how the protein connects with other proteins. |
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| a. supplies information that runs cell chemistry |
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| 18. Which of the following does not have to contain a DNA molecule? |
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| 19. Which of the following does not follow from Mendel’s work? |
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| a. All organisms employ the same genetic code. |
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| 21. Where does protein synthesis in a cell actually take place? |
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| b. a particular stretch of DNA located on a chromosome |
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| 23. The genetic distribution 9: 3: 3: 1 is characteristic of |
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| d. the second generation for two gene traits |
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| 24. What makes exact DNA replication possible? |
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| b. the geometry of individual base pairs allows only one base to form a hydrogen bond with its complementary base |
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| 25. The difference between mRNA and tRNA is that |
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| a. mRNA carries the gene sequence and tRNA translates the gene sequence |
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| 26. What problem does sunlight create for theories of chemical evolution? |
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| e. all the above: a. it dried up primordial pools where chemical evolution could take place, b. it breaks organic molecular bonds, c. it magnified the early atmospheric greenhouse effect, d. its photosynthetic properties increased atmospheric oxygen, a reducing agent |
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| g. a,b,c & e: a. origin and extinction of many species, b. life increasingly complex, c. geological sudden appearances, lack of connection, stasis, e. polyphletic origins |
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| 28. Paleontological examples of the sudden appearance of a wide range of new life forms are |
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| g. a, b, c & d: a. the Cambrian Explosion, b. the Angiosperm Big Bloom, c. the Marine Mesozoic Revolution, d. the Mammalian Radiation |
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| 29. The neo-Darwinian view of homology involves the following claims |
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| e. All the above: homologous genes = homologous anatomical structures, b. similar pathways in embryogenesis = similar anatomical features, c. attributes of 2 organisms are homologous bc common ancestor, d. homologous structures have homologous functions |
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| 30. Some problems with the neo-Darwinian view of homology are |
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| 31. Which of the following is true about the biological information encoded in the DNA molecule? |
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| g. c & e : c. no physical or chemical process can explain the information content of the DNA molecule… e. … semantic content of Wall Street Journal is [not] explained by the chemistry of ink bonding to paper |
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| 32. The “Central Dogma” of molecular biology states that |
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| a. DNA makes RNA makes proteins, and one gene codes for one protein, which runs a particular chemical reaction in a cell |
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| 33. Which of the following could be predictions of intelligent design in biology? |
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| a. "Junk DNA" will be found to have function |
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| 34. Non-protein-coding stretches of DNA |
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| k. b, d, e, g, and h, among other things |
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| 35. Research and experiment have shown that |
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| f. c, d, & e: c. interfering cross-reactions would have made the formation of long protein chains extremely unlikely, d. 1 in 1074 chance of biologically functional fold, e. 1000 folding domains of similar probability (d.) are needed for life as we know it |
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