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Science Vocabulary
Chapter 23
13
Science
9th Grade
03/17/2013

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Term
covalent bond
Definition
a chemical bond in which atoms are held together by their mutual attraction for two or more electrons they share
Term
covalent compound
Definition
an element or chemical compound in which atoms are held together by covalent bonds
Term
dipole
Definition
a separation of electric charge that occurs in a chemical bond because of differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms
Term
electron-dot structure
Definition
the shorthand notation of the shell model of the atom in which valence electrons are shown around an atomic symbol
Term
electronegativity
Definition
the ability of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons to itself when bonded to another atom
Term
ion
Definition
an electrically charged particle created when an atom either loses or gains one or more electrons
Term
ionic bond
Definition
a chemical bond in which an attractive electric force holds ions of opposite charge together
Term
ionic compound
Definition
any chemical compound containing ions
Term
molecule
Definition
a group of atoms held tightly together by covalent bonds
Term
nonbonding pairs
Definition
two paired valence electrons that don't participate in a chemical bond
Term
nonpolar bond
Definition
a chemical bond in which bonding electrons are distributed evenly between bonding atoms. Such a bond has no dipole
Term
polar bond
Definition
a chemical bond in which bonding electrons are distributed unevenly between bonding atoms. such a bond has a dipole; the more uneven the sharing, the greater the dipole
Term
valence shell
Definition
the outermost occupied shell of an atom that contains electrons that can participate in chemical bonding by either being lost, gained, or shared
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