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Definition
| Converts chemical to electric energy; put the cells together to create a battery |
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Term
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Definition
| Two types of batteries: dry cell and wet cell; has a positive and negative terminal that can connect to other batteries to make electrons flow to a device/load that will electric energy into different forms |
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| Parts of dry cell battery |
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Definition
- Positive and negative terminals
- plastic insulator
- moist paste
- carbon rod |
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Term
| Parts of wet cell battery |
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Definition
- Positive and negative terminals
- lead plate
- battery solution (fluid)
- partition
- lead-dioxide plate |
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Definition
| Electric energy that is stored and can be used later on |
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Definition
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Definition
| Amount of electric potential energy per coulomb of charge; also called potential difference; the extra electrons will move to a location where there is less of them; measured in volts |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that conducts electricity; in dry cell is moist paste and in wet cell is a fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| The terminals on a battery; usually made of two different metals or a metal and a different material |
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Term
| How voltage happens in a battery |
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Definition
| One of the electrodes, in the electrolytes, are attacked by the electrolyte and pulls the atoms off the electrode and leave the electrons and making that electrode negatively charged; at the same time the other electrode has its electrons getting pulled off and it will make it positively and the two will make a potential different between the the two electrodes; amount of voltage depends on the type of metal used and electrolyte used |
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Term
| 5 examples of electrical energy sources |
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Definition
- Friction; rubbing two materials to create energy
- Piezoelectric crystals; a crystal is used to create energy
- Photo-electrochemical cells; solar cells as a source of power
- Thermocouples; transforms heat energy into electrical energy
- Generators; for example hydroelectric energy to generate electrical energy |
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Term
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Definition
| Depends on the amount of charge and voltage (the mass of the charge and the height of the voltage) |
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Term
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Definition
| A device that measures voltage between two locations of charge separation |
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Term
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Definition
| A complete pathway that allows electrons to flow |
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Definition
A device that transforms electrical energy into other forms of energy;
ex: light bulb, buzzer, heater, and a motor |
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Term
| Electron flow in a circuit |
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Definition
| When the source (battery) provides the voltage, the chemical energy in the battery gives the electrons on the negative terminal potential energy, the electrons are attracted to the positive terminal, so they go through the conductors (wires) to try to get there and they get pushed to the load; then the load transforms the energy and then the electrons go back to the battery through a complete circuit |
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Term
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Definition
| Diagrams that use symbols to represent the different components of the circuit |
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Term
| Rules for a circuit diagram |
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Definition
- draw diagram using a ruler
- make all connecting wires and leads straight lines with 90 degree corners
- do not let conductors (wires) cross over
- should be rectangular or a square |
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Term
| 4 basic parts of a circuit |
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Definition
Source: the source of electrical energy
Conductors: wire through which electric current flows
Load: transforms electrical energy into other forms of energy
Switch: a device that can turn circuits on and off by closing and opening the circuit |
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Term
| Why do light bulbs turn on immediately? |
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Definition
| As soon as a battery is in a circuit and the circuit is closed, electrons on every part of the circuit is pushing |
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Term
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Definition
| The continuous flow of charge in a complete circuit |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of charge passing a point on a conductor every second; measure in amperes; small currents are measured in milliamperes |
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Term
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Definition
| A device used to measure the current in a circuit |
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Term
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Definition
| An old theory when people used to think electrons flow from positive to negative |
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Term
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Definition
| The property of any material that slows down the flow of electrons and converts electrical energy into other forms of energy; ratio of the voltage to the current; unit of measurement for resistance is ohms |
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Definition
| The mathematical relationship comparing voltage, current, and resistance |
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Term
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Definition
Milli: represents one-thousandth
Kilo: represents one thousand
Mega: represents one million |
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Term
| How to determine resistance |
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Definition
- Use Ohm's Law if you find out the voltage (using a voltmeter) and current (using a ammeter) in the circuit
- use an ohmmeter |
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Term
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Definition
| A device that measures resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| An electrical component that has a specific resistance; used to control current or potential difference in a circuit |
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Term
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Definition
| the coloured stripes on a resistor indicate the resistance of the resistor; the first colour is the first digit, the second colour is the second digit, the third colour is the multiplier to the power of 10 and the last colour band is the accuracy |
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