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Science semester exam1 vocab
Science semester exam1 vocab
45
Science
9th Grade
01/02/2008

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Term
cleavage
Definition
tendency of a mineral to split along planes o its structure
Term
crystal
Definition
solid substance with atoms arranged in an orderly pattern
Term
mineral
Definition
natural occuring inorganic solid with a distinct chemical composition and crystalline structure
Term
fracture
Definition
irregular pattern of breakage not alomng clevage planes
Term
luster
Definition
quality or apperancve of mineral wen light is reflected off it
Term
sulfide
Definition
mineral consisting of a metal element comboned with sulfur
Term
rock forming mineral
Definition
specific group of minerals known to form rocks
Term
half life
Definition
time it takes for half the atoms in a radioactive decay to become stable
Term
eon
Definition
first division oif gts, therfore longest
Term
evolution
Definition
process of change that produces new forms of life over time
Term
geological time scale
Definition
summarry of major events in earths history that are preserved in rock
Term
natural selection
Definition
theory that org. thsat survive to produce offspring save inheriets most favorble to survive
Term
trace fossil
Definition
indirect evidence of life preserved in impression in rock
Term
group
Definition
a verticl column in the periodic table
Term
mass number
Definition
# of protons and neutros in the neucleus
Term
perriodic table
Definition
chart in which all known elements are listed
Term
proton
Definition
posivtively particle in the neucleus
Term
mettaliod
Definition
element that exccibits qualities of metals and nonmetals
Term
periodic trend
Definition
gradual change of any property in the element across a period
Term
chemical equation
Definition
a rep of chemical reaction
Term
compound
Definition
material in which atoms of diff. elements are bonded to one another
Term
law of mass conservation
Definition
matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction
Term
radiation
Definition
transfer of energy through space by em waves
Term
heat
Definition
total kineytic enregy of all of particles of a sub.
Term
stratosphere
Definition
layer of earths atmosphere that contains ozone layer
Term
temperture inversion
Definition
increse in temp with an increse in altitude
Term
sleet
Definition
ice particles form from raidrops before theyhit the ground
Term
water vapor
Definition
invisible gas forms when water reaCHES 100 degrees c
Term
specific humidity
Definition
amount of water vaPor at a given time and place
Term
condensation
Definition
the change from water vapor to liquid water
Term
polar front
Definition
air flowing away form polar regions collide with warmer air
Term
middle latitudes
Definition
area between 30-60 degree latitudee
Term
prevailing winds
Definition
winds thatn usally blow from the same direction
Term
air mass
Definition
large body of airr in the lower troposphere
Term
occluded front
Definition
cold front overtakes a warm front and displaces it upward
Term
squalll line
Definition
line of thunderstorms that occur ahead of a front
Term
storm surge
Definition
rapid rise in water level along the coast when storms aproach
Term
station model
Definition
compact expression of weather info for an area
Term
cementation
Definition
minerals precipitate out of solution and fill spaces of rock fragments
Term
stratification
Definition
the arrangement of layers of sedimentary rock
Term
pluton
Definition
intrusions of magma into the earths crust forming sills. dikes. etc..
Term
mafic
Definition
type of magma rich in iron forming dark colored igneous rock
Term
rock cycle
Definition
repeated series of events by which rocks continually change
Term
metamorphic
Definition
rocks structure/composition is changed by heat, pressure, moisture
Term
sediment
Definition
solid particles of rock fragments, plants and animal remains
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