Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Science of Ecofacts and Geofacts
Metrical Variations
13
Archaeology
Undergraduate 1
04/23/2010

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Cards

Term
Name some morphological differences between Red and Roe deer. And the further differences within reindeer
Definition
Antlers are present in male and not in female
Within reindeer both have antlers but shapes vary.
Term
What is a baculum?
Definition
The penis bone...absent in humans
Term
What are the similarities between Male and Older female horses in terms of canines?
Definition
Both are similar as the female gets older similiarities between male and female merge.
Term
How do Pig canines vary between the sexes?
Definition
Males: Large, open rooted.
Female: Small, close rooted
Term
In sheep and goats what are the differences between horn cores in terms of the sexes?
Definition
Size and shape
Term
In what 3 ways do cattle size and shape vary?
Definition
Female, Male and Castrate...and sometimes the older female may have castrate features
Term
Within chickens or poultry what 2 differences can be made between male and female?
Definition
Only the male or some older females have a Tarsometatarus.
Hens in lay only have a Medullary bone
Term
What is a Medullary Bone?
Definition
Are calcium deposits in the medullary cavity, bones commonly containing this are the femur and tibia, it is used to make and form the eggshell.
Term
Name some metrical variations between sexes.
Definition
Size, measurement of bones, to determine stature you the Withers height technique, Howards index
Term
What are the differences in assemblages?
Definition
sexing, stature, wild/domestic, species identification, environment
Term
What are the problems of Domestication with reference to cattle?
Definition
removed from natural selection/ competition, selection is from traits rather than size, initial decrease in size and numbers. Auroch - domestic cattle
Term
What are the advantages of Domestication?
Definition
Later increase in size and numbers, better nutrition, better husbandry, selective breeding, new stocks
Term
How is it difficult to determine breeds, species and bone within archaeology?
Definition
Fragmentation, Gnawing, Castration effects, post-fusion growth, sample size, comparative data limited
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